The effort of many manufacturers of heat sources is to achieve the maximum efficiency of energy transformation chemically bound in the fuel to heat. Therefore, it is necessary to streamline the combustion process and minimize the formation of emission during combustion. The paper presents an analysis of the combustion air temperature to the heat performance and emission parameters of burning biomass. In the second part of the paper the impact of different dendromass on formation of emissions in small heat source is evaluated. The measured results show that the regulation of the temperature of the combustion air has an effect on concentration of emissions from the combustion of biomass.
Abstract. The contribution is listed possible application of heat pipes in systems for obtaining heat from flue gas of small heat sources. It is also stated in the contribution design an experimental device on which to study the impact of fill (the quantity, type of load) at various temperature parameters (temperature heating and cooling) thermal power transferred to the heat pipe. Is listed measurement methodology using heat pipes designed experimental facility, measurement results and analysis of the results obtained. Heat pipeHeat pipe is formed from vacuum-closed pipe and filled with a suitable working substance at a defined pressure. For purpose of the heat pipe utilization is necessary to consider several factors, which influences its proper function. The choice of the heat pipe is mainly dependent on technical applications, temperature range and compatibility of the substance with pipe material. A crucial factor is how much working substance is used like a filler heat pipe. It is necessary to over a required range of operating parameters to avoid insufficient wetting of the evaporation pipe surface. Insufficient wetting would result in a decreasing performance. Conversely too much working fluid would lead to the formation of large vapor bubbles and the shock phenomena. Figure 1 shows the description of the heat pipe function. Heat pipes are used for heat transfer-heat performance, while the small temperature difference between the evaporation and condensation part is kept. By this technology can be transferred high heat performance, while device dimensions are small. The advantage of heat pipes is particularly intense heat transfer, and finally, simple design, reliability, durability and endurance. Currently, the heat pipes are applied in many branches (communication and computer technology, space technology, etc.).
Combined power generation or cogeneration is a highly effective technology that produces heat and electricity in one device more efficiently than separate production. Overall effectiveness is growing by use of combined technologies of energy extraction, taking heat from flue gases and coolants of machines. Another problem is the dependence of such devices on fossil fuels as fuel. For the combustion turbine is mostly used as fuel natural gas, kerosene and as fuel for heating power plants is mostly used coal. It is therefore necessary to seek for compensation today, which confirms the assumption in the future. At first glance, the obvious efforts are to restrict the use of largely oil and change the type of energy used in transport. Another significant change is the increase in renewable energy—energy that is produced from renewable sources. Among machines gaining energy by unconventional way belong mainly the steam engine, Stirling engine, and Ericsson engine. In these machines, the energy is obtained by external combustion and engine performs work in a medium that receives and transmits energy from combustion or flue gases indirectly. The paper deals with the principle of hot-air engines, and their use in combined heat and electricity production from biomass and with heat exchangers as primary energy transforming element.
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