In summary, the study shows that even with a late treatment start (U3) good results could be achieved, but with a rising number of repositioning failures and femoral necroses. Ultrasound screening on U3 seems to be sufficient; however, for high-risk groups an additional screening in the first week of life should be performed, which does not replace a second evaluation at U3 if there are normal findings.
When the first encounter with an antigen is by the oral route several different immune responses can occur. The spectrum of effects on systemic immunity ranges from immunological hyporesponsiveness (oral tolerance) to active sensitisation (priming). In this paper, the immunological principles underlying these effects are discussed and circumstances which influence them are demonstrated, particular emphasis being placed on experimental work in adult and neonatal mice.
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