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The states |α, m , defined asâ †m |α up to a normalization constant and m is a nonnegative integer, are shown to be the eigenstates of f (n, m)â where f (n, m) is a nonlinear function of the number operatorn. The explicit form of f (n, m) is constructed. The eigenstates of this operator for negative values of m are introduced. The properties of these states are discussed and compared with those of the state |α, m . 03.65.Fd; 42.50.Dv Typeset using REVT E X

A system of two coupled cavities with N − 1 photons is shown to be dynamically equivalent to an array of N coupled cavities containing one photon. Every transition in the two cavity system has a dual phenomenon in terms of photon transport in the cavity array. This duality is employed to arrive at the required coupling strengths and nonlinearities in the cavity array so that controlled photon transfer is possible between any two cavities. This transfer of photons between two of the cavities in the array is effected without populating the other cavities. The condition for perfect transport enables perfect state transfer between any two cavities in the array. Further, possibility of high fidelity generation of generalized NOON states in two coupled cavities, which are dual to the Bell states of the photon in the cavity array, is established.

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Interaction of a two-level atom with a single mode of electromagnetic field including Kerr nonlinearity for the field and intensity-dependent atom-field coupling is discussed. The Hamiltonian for the atom-field system is written in terms of the generators of a closed algebra, which has SU(1,1) and Heisenberg-Weyl algebras as limiting cases. Eigenstates and eigenvalues of the Hamiltonian are constructed. With the field being in a coherent state initially, the dynamical behavior of atomic inversion, field statistics, and uncertainties in the field quadratures are studied. Appearance of nonclassical features during the evolution of the field is shown. Further, we explore the overlap of initial and time-evolved field states.

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This article examines the fracture behavior of sandwich type double cantilever beam (DCB) specimens under monotonic and cyclic loading conditions. The specimen consists of two layers of OFHC copper and one layer of ViaLux 81 photo-definable dry film. The ViaLux 81 is placed in between copper layers. Analytical expression for the strain energy release rate (GI) of the sandwich DCB specimen is derived by following the plate theory based model and compliance method. Finite element analysis has also been carried out on the specimen and the load displacement results for the specified crack or delamination length are obtained. The compliance equation in terms of the delamination length is derived for the specimens for obtaining the strain energy release rate (GI). From the generated R-curve of the interface, the failure load is estimated for the specified delamination length. From the crack growth data, the number of cycles to failure under cyclic loading is estimated for the initial delamination length.

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