Objective Altered expression of caveolin-1 (CAV1) and autophagy marker ATG4C is observed in various types of human cancers. However, the clinical significance of CAV1 and ATG4C expression in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) remains largely unknown. The present study aims to explore the clinicopathological value and prognostic significance of CAV1 and ATG4C expression in EOC. Methods The expression pattern and prognostic value of CAV1 and ATG4C mRNA in EOC were analyzed using data from the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database (N = 373). In addition, immunohistochemistry analysis was performed to detect and assay the expression of CAV1 and ATG4C proteins in tissue microarray of EOC.
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have been taking cancer research by storm as they provide valuable therapeutic benefits to cancer patients in terms of immunotherapy. Melanoma and non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) are among the most prevalent cancer varieties that were utilized in ICI trials with many other cancer types being involved too. Despite impressive clinical benefits of overall response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), etc., ICIs are also accompanied by various immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Amongst the irAEs, cardiotoxicity bags a crucial role. It is of paramount importance that ICI-induced cardiotoxicity should be studied in detail due to its high mortality rate although the prevalence rate is low. Patients with ICI cardiotoxicity can have a greatly enhanced life quality despite adverse reactions from ICI therapy if diagnosed early and treated in time. As such, this review serves to provide a complete insight into the predisposing factors, mechanism, diagnostic methods and treatment plans revolving around ICI-induced cardiotoxicity.
Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is one of the most common cancers worldwide. We aimed to identify potential genetic markers that could predict the prognosis of HNSCC. A total of 44 samples of GSE83519 from Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets and 546 samples of HNSCC from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) were adopted. The differently expressed genes (DEGs) of the samples were screened by GEO2R. We integrated the expression information of DEGs with clinical data from GES42743 using the weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA). A total of 17 hub genes were selected by the module membership (|MM| > 0.8), and the gene significance (|GS| > 0.3) was selected from the turquoise module. GOLM1 and FAM49B genes were chosen based on single-gene analysis results. Survival analysis showed that the higher expression of GOLM1 and FAM49B genes was correlated with a worse prognosis of HNSCC patients. Immunohistochemistry and multiplex immunofluorescence techniques verified that GOLM1 and FAM49B genes were highly expressed in HNSCC cells, and high expressions of GOLM1 were associated with the pathological grades of HNSCC. In conclusion, our study illustrated a new insight that GOLM1 and FAM49B genes might be used as potential biomarkers to determine the development of HNSCC, while GOLM1 and FAM49B have the possibility to be prognostic indicators for HNSCC.
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