An experimental investigation was conducted to explore the fundamental difference among the Mamdani fuzzy inference system (FIS), Takagi–Sugeno FIS, and the proposed flood forecasting model, known as hybrid neurofuzzy inference system (HN-FIS). The study aims finding which approach gives the best performance for forecasting flood vulnerability. Due to the importance of forecasting flood event vulnerability, the Mamdani FIS, Sugeno FIS, and proposed models are compared using trapezoidal-type membership functions (MFs). The fuzzy inference systems and proposed model were used to predict the data time series from 2008 to 2012 for 31 subdistricts in Bandung, West Java Province, Indonesia. Our research results showed that the proposed model has a flood vulnerability forecasting accuracy of more than 96% with the lowest errors compared to the existing models.
In the agricultural sector of a region, only the best commodities can be favored to boost national economic sustainability. Therefore, the stakeholders need to formulate an effective marketing strategy to improve farmers’ welfare. Marketing strategies were differently influenced by several factors ranging from geography, politics, and people’s consumption patterns. This study compares the marketing strategies for leading agricultural commodities in Indonesia and Uzbekistan to obtain a new formula for marketing agricultural products. Uzbekistan is considered one of the countries in Central Asia that has a lot in common with Indonesia, especially in the agricultural sector, and vice versa. This study aims to develop a marketing strategy for superior regional commodities and see how significant the economic contribution of the Garut region is on a national scale. The method used Literature review. We also conducted a case study and field survey in the Garut region, one of the agriculture centers in Indonesia. The results also indicate that a marketing strategy can boost the economy of a certain area or up to a broad scope. It can be helpful for local governments and business entities to develop effective strategies to deal with the national economy and constant monitoring of farmer effectiveness.
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