Background Adolescents with hypertension are at risk of morbidity and mortality due to cardiovascular problems in later life. Hypertension may be influenced by poor quality of sleep, so early detection of hypertension and ensuring good quality of sleep in adolescence is needed. Objective To assess for a possible association between poor sleep quality and hypertension in adolescents. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study from January to March 2013 in Mustafawiyah Boarding School, Mandailing Natal, North Sumatera. Subjects' quality of sleep was assessed by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) questionnaire and their systolic and diastolic blood pressures were measured. Quality of sleep was categorized as either good or poor. Blood pressure was categorized as either normotensive or hypertensive. An association between poor sleep quality and hypertension was analyzed by Chi-square test. Results Two hundred forty adolescents participated in this study, of whom 210 (87.5%) subjects were normotensive and 30 (12.5%) subjects were hypertensive. We found higher systolic blood pressure [114.9 (SD 11.7) vs. 109.5 (SD 10.5)] mmHg as well as diastolic blood pressure [74 (SD 9.1) vs. 69.9 (SD 7.5)] mmHg in adolescents with poor sleep quality compared to those with good sleep quality (P=0.001). Conclusion Poor sleep quality is associated with hypertension in adolescents.
Objective To assess and compare knowledge, attitude, and prac-tice of underfive children stimulation of working and nonworkingmothers and to determine the correlation between knowledge, at-titude, practice of stimulation and mothers’ ages, educational level,number of children, and number of underfive children.Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in PT. IndofoodSukses Makmur, Tanjung Morawa, Medan from October 2002 un-til November 2002. Respondents were female workers havingunderfive children assigned as working mothers and wives of maleworkers (with similar inclusion criteria) assigned as nonworkingmothers. Selected respondents were interviewed using a struc-tured questionnaire. Sample size for each group was 58. Knowl-edge, attitude, and practice of stimulation were classified as good,less, and poor.Results There were 131 mothers interviewed. There were no sig-nificant differences in the ages, educational level, number of chil-dren, and number of underfive children. Good knowledge of stimu-lation of the working and nonworking mothers were 64.6% and97%, respectively; good attitude toward stimulation were 95.4%and 27.3%, respectively, while good practice of stimulation were58.5% and 22.7%, respectively. These differences were statisti-cally significant.Conclusion There were significant differences in knowledge, atti-tude, and practice of underfive children stimulation between work-ing and nonworking mothers. The knowledge of stimulation of theworking mothers was worse than that of the nonworking mothersand the attitude and practice of the working mothers were betterthan those of the nonworking mothers
Latar belakang. Imunisasi merupakan salah satu upaya perlindungan kesehatan yang paling efektif untuk anak-anak terhadap beberapa penyakit yang dapat dicegah dengan imunisasi (PD3I). Keberhasilan pelaksanaan program imunisasi di Indonesia dipengaruhi oleh beberapa faktor, antara lain, usia ibu, tingkat pendidikan ibu, status pekerjaan ibu, tingkat pengetahuan ibu dan urutan kelahiran anak. Tujuan. Mengetahui cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak dan menilai faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya. Metode. Penelitian ini deskriptif analitik dengan desain cross sectional yang dilakukan di Divisi Tumbuh Kembang dan Pediatri Sosial, Departemen Ilmu Kesehatan Anak RSUP H. Adam Malik Medan, mulai bulan Oktober 2015 sampai April 2016. Data diambil dari rekam medis pasien rawat jalan dan rawat inap. Data diolah dengan statistik deskriptif dan disajikan dalam bentuk distribusi frekuensi dan faktor yang memengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar dianalisis dengan menggunakan uji regresi logistik. Hasil. Di antara 113 sampel penelitian didapatkan 46 orang (40,7%) memiliki status imunisasi dasar lengkap. Faktor yang memengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar adalah pemberian ASI eksklusif (p=0,017). Jenis kelamin, status nutrisi, cara lahir, berat badan lahir, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, urutan kelahiran, jumlah anak dan usia ibu tidak memengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar anak. Kesimpulan. Cakupan imunisasi dasar lengkap pada anak 40,7% dan faktor yang memengaruhi kelengkapan imunisasi dasar adalah pemberian ASI eksklusif. Sari Pediatri 2017;19(2):86-90Kata kunci: anak, imunisasi dasar lengkap, faktor-faktor yang memengaruhi
Latar belakang. Setiap tahun seribu bayi lahir dengan penyakit jantung bawaan (PJB). Terapi bertujuan mengurangi gejala klinis, mencegah gagal jantung, penutupan defek, dan meningkatkan kualitas hidup. Evaluasi terhadap kualitas hidup menjadi penting karena dengan tata laksana yang baik sekarang ini, anak dengan PJB memiliki harapan hidup yang lebih lama.Tujuan. Menilai perbedaan kualitas hidup anak penderita PJB asianosis dengan sianosis.Metode. Penelitian menggunakan studi potong lintang telah dilakukan dari bulan Maret sampai dengan Juli 2012 di RSUP H. Adam Malik, Medan. Sampel terdiri dari anak usia 5 sampai dengan 18 tahun yang menderita PJB asianosis dan sianosis yang belum dikoreksi dan sudah dikoreksi. Anak dan orangtua mengisi kuesioner PedsQL modul kardio versi 3.0. Penilaian kualitas hidup dilihat dari enam domain yaitu menggunakan T-test independen dengan p<0,05 dan interval kepercayaan 95%.Hasil. Terdapat 52 anak penderita PJB, 17 anak sianosis dan 37 anak asianosis. Kualitas hidup anak PJB asianosis lebih baik daripada anak sianosis dalam empat domain yaitu masalah jantung dan terapi, penampilan fisik, cemas terhadap tindakan terapi dan masalah kognitif.Kesimpulan. Kualitas hidup anak penderita PJB asianosis lebih baik dibandingkan penderita PJB sianosis.
Background Sleep quality can be measured by the Pittsburgh Sleep
Background Major achievements in congenital heart disease (CHD) treatment over the past 20 years have altered the course and prognosis of CHD. Improvement of quality of life (QoL) is now a major goal of CHD treatment. Objective To assess the QoL in children after cardiac surgery for CHD. Methods A cross-sectional study was performed in children aged 2 to 18 years. The case group had 20 children with a history of corrective heart surgery in the 12 months prior to the study. The control group had 20 healthy children, age-matched to the case group. The QoL of both groups was assessed by Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory (PedsQL) Generic Core Scales. The same post-operative children were also assessed with the PedsQL Cardiac Module. Data were analyzed using T-test with P < 0.05 as the level of significance. Results This study recruited 40 subjects: 20 post-operative and 20 healthy children. PedsQL Generic Core Scales assessment showed significant differences between groups in the physical function parameter of QoL (P<0.05) in children aged 13-18 years, but there were no significant differences in the social, emotional, and school function parameters. In children aged 2-12 years, there were no significant differences in physical, social, emotional, or school parameters. The PedsQL Cardiac Module assessment revealed that 35% of post-operative children was at risk for physical appearance problems, 80% was at risk for anxiety problems, 40% was at risk for cognitive problems, and 80% was at risk for communication problems. Conclusion Thirteen to 18-year-old children with non complex CHD have poorer physical function than healthy children. Post operative children are at risk for physical appearance, anxiety, cognitive, and communication problems.
Background Vitamin D plays an important role in the immune system. It inhibits B-lymphocyte proliferation and modulates the humoral response to suppress IgE production. Studies on the relationship between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level and the severity of atopic dermatitis in several countries have had varying results. Objective To assess for a possible correlation between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin-D level and atopic dermatitis severity in children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in 26 children with atopic dermatitis from September to December 2015. We evaluated the severity of disease using the Scoring of Atopic Dermatitis
Background Malnutrition in hospitalized children has negative impact on morbidity, mortality, length of stay, and health-care cost. A simple screening tool is needed to detect hospital malnutrition risk in children. Objective To compare the level of agreement of the Screening Tool for Malnutrition in Pediatrics (STAMP) and Pediatric Nutritional Risk Score (PNRS) with anthropometric measurements, as screening tools for hospital malnutrition in children. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted from February to July 2014 in the Pediatric and Surgery Wards at H. Adam Malik Hospital, Medan, North Sumatera. Inclusion criteria were children aged 2 to 18 years who were hospitalized for more than 72 hours. Subjects were screened using STAMP and PNRS, and underwent anthropometric measurement on admission. The weight measurements were repeated on the 3 rd and 7t h days, and just before discharge. The STAMP and PNRS results were compared in terms of level of agreement with anthropometric measurements. Data were analyzed by Kappa value and Spearman's correlation test. Results A total of 127 children were screened with both instruments. The PNRS had slight agreement with hospital malnutrition prevalence (K=0.175; P=0.028), while STAMP had not (K=0.080; P=0.193). Both screening tools had weak positive correlations with length of stay, but the correlation was stronger for PNRS than for STAMP (r=0.218; P=0.014 vs. r=0.188; P=0.034, respectively). The prevalence of hospital malnutrition was 40.9%. Conclusion The PNRS screening tool has slight agreement with anthropometric measurement for identifying hospital malnutrition risk in children. [Paediatr Indones. 2017;57:117-23; doi: http:// dx
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