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This study identified the effects of a community-based cardiovascular disease prevention program (CVD-PP) on health behavior and modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in low-income Korean elderly with hypertension. Eighty-eight individuals completed the 3-month self-efficacy-enhancing interventions in which the control group received standard care. In the intervention group, there were statistically significant improvements in self-efficacy (t = 2.519, p = 0.016) and health behavior (t = 3.453, p = 0.001), and significant differences in diastolic blood pressure (t = -2.518, p = 0.018) between the two groups. This CVD-PP administered by visiting nurses may be effective in improving self-efficacy and health behavior and in reducing modifiable cardiovascular risk factors.

For future Internet research, the authors suggest using multiple Internet and real settings for recruitment, a variety of strategies, the quota sampling method, and creative motivation strategies.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to compare urban-rural differences on influencing factors of health related quality of life(HRQoL) of the elderly in senior center. Methods: The subjects were 902 older adults (571 from urban areas, 331 from rural areas). Data were collected using a questionnaire from 20 July to 31 August, 2011. The SPSS/WIN program was used for data analysis. Results: For older adults of urban areas, the influencing factors of HRQoL were depression, age, subjective health, drinking, number of chronic disease, and smoking. On the other hand, the influencing factors of HRQoL of older adults of rural areas were depression, subjective health, number of chronic disease, and educational level. The significant factors of HRQoL were depression, subjective, and number of chronic disease in both urban and rural areas. Conclusion: Public health nurses should consider urban-rural differences when designing HRQoL enhancing program for the elderly in senior center.

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The Nursing Philosophy, Theory, History and Ethics Interest Group of the Alpha Lambda Chapter of Sigma Theta Tau in Seoul undertook a study of Korean nurses' perceptions of ethical problems in nursing practice, administration, education and research in 1993. The purposes of the study were to develop the ethical concerns of Korean nurses and to make suggestions for contents and guidelines for a new code. The data consisted of 329 descriptive items of ethical problems summarized into 221 descriptions and 57 nurses responded. To meet the study objectives, we analyzed the data according to content themes, comparing these data with the code of the Korean Nurses' Association (KNA), to the codes of the Canadian Nurses' Association and the College of Nurses of Ontario. In conclusion, the result showed that a new KNA code needs to include guidelines at different levels of abstractness, including standards at a concrete level reflecting the ethical problems faced by nurses in practice, administration, education, and research.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of oral exercise on oral function and quality of life among community-dwelling elders. Methods: This was a quasi-experimental study. Sixty four participants were recruited from the dental clinic of a public health center in G City, Gyeonggi-do. Thirty one participants were assigned to the experimental group and 33 to the control group. Participants in the experimental group performed oral exercise once a week for a period of three months. Subjects in the The control group received usual oral education. The Scores for oral function and quality of life were measured before and after the treatment. Data were analyzed using SPSS WIN 14.0.Results: After the experiment, statistically significant differences were observed between the two groups. were observed. The amount of saliva (p<.001), and the scores of for oral function (p<.001), and quality of life (p<.001) were higher in the intervention group compared to the control group. Conclusions: Oral exercise programs were effective in improving the oral function and quality of life among community-dwelling elders. Oral exercise could be an effective oral health nursing intervention for older people in the community.

Purpose: This study was done to discover the contents needed for a sexual education program in the lower grades (the first to the third grade) by primary school teachers and to discover difficulties in confronting sexual education. Method: This was a descriptive study of 198 teachers for lower grade students in 15 primary schools. A questionnaire on sexual education was distributed and collected by mail. Result: The contents for sexual education that teachers felt were highly needed are as follows: sanitation of genitals, sexual violence, pregnancy & childbirth, family, selfassertion, and sexual self-determination. Teachers think prevention of sexual violence is the main reason for sexual education. Teachers indicated that sexual education considering the developmental stage was difficult. Conclusion: Development of a sexual education curriculum for lower grade primary school students is necessary for increasing the problem-solving ability of students focused on sexual violence, self-assertion and sexual self-determination, in addition to providing simple information. 서 론 남녀의 특성과 역할을 이해하고 신뢰, 존경과 협동을 바탕 으로 원만한 인간관계를 맺으며 올바른 성의식과 책임 있는 성행동을 통해 사회적 규범에 맞는 건전한 생활을 할 수 있 는 능력을 길러주는 인간교육이 성교육이다. 성교육은 남녀 모두 자기 삶을 어떻게 살 것인 지를 결정하는데 중요한 가치 관에 대한 학습이므로 일생동안 필요하다(Ministry of Education, 2001). 빠른 인터넷의 보급과 대중매체의 영향과 함께 개방화된 성문화, 생활수준의 향상과 영양상태 개선으로 성적 조숙이 빨라지고, 성관계를 시작하는 연령이 낮아지고, 결혼 연령이 높아지면서 인공유산과 십대 미혼모가 증가하고 성범죄나 성