Herlyn-Werner-Wunderlich (HWW) syndrome is a rare variant of Müllerian duct anomalies consisting of uterine didelphys, obstructed hemivagina, and ipsilateral renal agenesis. Patients with HWW syndrome are usually asymptomatic until menarche, when they present with acute lower abdominal pain. Here we report a case of a female newborn with right renal agenesis diagnosed during the pregnancy. The patient presented with a protruding mass over the vaginal introitus that was associated with an obstructed hemivagina and uterine didelphys.

To investigate the changes in the connective tissues located in the upper portion of the anterior vaginal wall, which are associated with anterior vaginal wall prolapse, 23 women with anterior vaginal wall prolapse were included in the study group and 15 women with normal genital support served as control group. The anterior vaginal wall tissue samples were obtained for immunohistochemical staining of collagen (type I, III, IV, V, VI), elastin, and glycoproteins from the extracellular matrix (fibronectin, vitronectin, laminin). The number of capillaries per arteriole and mitochondria numbers per smooth muscle cell were evaluated for demonstrating whether the anatomical prolapse affect on blood supply to these tissues. Collagen III was significantly less in the anterior vaginal wall of patients with anterior vaginal wall prolapse. Quantitative immunoreactivity of collagen I and III had significant positive correlations with ageing.

The urodynamic study revealed a temporal effect on bladder function, and women with diabetic voiding dysfunction were found to have had a longer duration of DM than women with an overactive detrusor. However, aging and recurrent urinary tract infections are the two independent factors that contribute to impaired voiding function and diabetic bladder dysfunction.

Our results demonstrate a relatively high prevalence of anal incontinence or constipation among women suffering from urinary dysfunction. Uterovaginal prolapse is the main risk factor associated with anorectal dysfunction.

Both LUTS and POP are common among women in rural Nepal. Cystocele is the most frequent, advanced, and symptomatic form of POP observed in this population.

The prevalence of OAB using the current definition is slightly higher than the result found in our previous published data using a defective classification system of OAB symptoms. The effects of mixed symptoms and probable misclassification cannot be overlooked because many women with OAB (with or without urgency incontinence) might also have SUI.

Problems relating to the erosion of sling material, through either the vagina or the urethra, have been encountered with almost all kinds of synthetic sling materials. We present four unusual cases of women using different synthetic materials and the complications that occurred. The biopsies were examined histologically and analyzed for collagen and inflammatory reactions. Four patients who underwent suburethral slingplasty previously with different sling materials required surgical management for complications, including one intravesical Ethibond migration, vaginal mucosal mesh erosion in two patients, and one proximal urethral overcorrection with intravesical erosion. We reviewed the literature regarding the amount of mesh erosion and connective tissue reaction with synthetic materials. The efficiency of mesh removal was assessed. The four patients maintained urinary continence after urethrolysis and removal of the mesh. Fibrosis and severe inflammatory reactions were found in the connective tissue adjacent to the mesh as well as the Prolene mesh. Technically, it would be easier to remove the graft of patch sling if rejection or erosion occurs.

Patients with BO seemed to be on a different spectrum compared to those with DO and also had different symptom-specific and associative factors. It was also found that FDV could be good predictive indicator for detecting DO at a low filling rate.