This research aimed to modify the Nias' cacao pod husk cellulose by using Microwave-assisted Organic Synthesis (MAOS) method to produce carboxymethyl cellulose and its application as lithium-ion batteries' biopolymer electrolyte membrane. There were two main stages of modification of Nias' cacao pod husk cellulose i. e. cellulose alkalization and cellulose carboxymethylation process (etherification stage). Lithium-ion batteries' biopolymer electrolyte membrane was fabricated through the casting solution technique, where the blend of Methylcellulose/Carboxymethyl cellulose (MC/CMC) (80/20) (w/w) was complexed to 10 % (w/w) of lithium perchlorate. The determinations of functional groups, molec-ular structure, crystallinities, and thermal stability were conducted using Fourier Transform Infrared, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, X-Ray Diffraction, and Thermogravimetry Analysis, respectively. The lithium-ion biopolymer electrolyte of the 10 % lithium perchlorate-complexed MC/CMC (80/20) blend shows ionic conductivity, tensile strength/elongation at break, thermal stability are 5.91 × 10 À 3 S cm À 1 , 30.69 MPa/31.83 %, and 279.40-341.05 °C. Based on the results, the prepared biopolymer electrolyte of 10 % lithium perchlorate-complexed MC/CMC (80/20) fulfills the separator (solid electrolyte) requirement for lithium-ion battery application.

In this study, cellulose and cellulose nanofibers (CNF) were extracted and prepared from cassava peels (CPs). The method of the cellulose extraction was performed by alkali treatment followed by a bleaching process. The CNF were prepared by mechanical disruption procedure (homogenization and ultrasonication), and the results were compared with a common acid hydrolysis procedure. The resulting cellulose and CNF from both procedures were then analyzed using FTIR, SEM, TEM, XRD, and TGA. The results show that cellulose and CNF were successfully prepared from both procedures. The physical properties of the produced CNF were different; however, they had similar chemical properties.

This work aims to study the influences of 1‐ethyl‐3‐methylimidazolium acetate, [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid incorporation with various weight percentage to the characteristics of biopolymer blend electrolytes (BBEs) based on methyl cellulose/carboxymethyl cellulose (MC/CMC) (50/50) blend, i.e., the ionic conductivities, crystallinities, mechanical properties, surface morphology, and thermal stability. [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid is synthesized using a metathesis reaction between [EMIm]Br and CH3COOK in methanol solvent, while the BBEs preparation is conducted using casting solution technique. The functional groups and molecular structure of BBEs samples are confirmed by using Fourier transform infra red (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonce (NMR), while the characteristics of ionic conductivities, mechanical properties, crystallinities, surface morphology, and stability thermal are conducted using electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, tensile tester, X‐ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy, and thermogravimetry analysis/differential thermogravimetry (TGA/DTG). The [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid incorporation greatly affects the characteristics of BBEs with optimum condition at the 15% [EMIm]Ac ionic liquid incorporation with a value of 1.53 × 10−2 S cm−1, 20.83 MPa/21.57%, and 217.24–356.34 ℃ for ionic conductivity, tensile strength/elongation at break, and decomposition temperature, respectively. The optimum condition from this study fulfills the standard minimum requirement for a lithium‐ion battery separator.

The investigation of improvement for lactic acid production from fresh cassava roots by Streptococcus bovis using two-stages membrane bioreactor with purging was performed to increase the concentration and productivity of the lactic acid. The result showed that by the use of two-stages membrane bioreactor, the productivity and concentration of lactic acid were 5.03 and 50 g/L, respectively which were obtained at dilution rate of 0.25 h -1 and 30 g/L feeding sugar concentration. Based on the data obtained, it is shown that the two-stages membrane bioreactor system was very effective and efficient and it could be potentially used for the production of lactic acid from fresh cassava roots by S. bovis.

No abstract

Desa Fajar Baru merupakan daerah pemukiman di Kecamatan Jati Agung dengan jumlah tujuh dusun. Masyarakatnya bekerja sebagai tani, buruh dan pegawai swasta serta wiraswasta industri kecil. Kedekatan dengan pasar tradisional, mini market, kuliner malam, lembaga pendidikan dan Kota Bandar Lampung memberikan peluang wirausaha. Tujuan kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah pendampingan pembuatan sabun krim dan peluncuran (launching) Rumah Produksi Sabun. Peserta kegiatan ini adalah ibu-ibu Kelompok Usaha Bersama (KUB) Mulya Mandiri di Kelurahan Fajar Baru sebanyak 25 orang. Kegiatan ini terdiri dari sosialisasi, diskusi, demonstrasi dan praktik langsung. Tim Pengabdian Unila telah berhasil meluncurkan Rumah Produksi Sabun dengan produk utama sabun cair-krim. Peluncuran Rumah Produksi langsung diresmikan oleh Ketua PKK dan dihadiri oleh Kepala Desa Fajar Baru. Kegiatan pengabdian ini berhasil meningkatkan pengetahun pengelolaan pembuatan sabun dan pemahaman kewirausahaan serta pemasaran sebesar 23% (66,5% menjadi 89,5%).

Desa Fajar Baru terletak di Kecamatan Jati Agung Kabupaten Lampung Selatan. Terletak berdekatan dengan kota Bandar Lampung sehingga memiliki potensi yang strategis yaitu berdekatan dengan pusat perekonomian (pasar Untung). Latar belakang penduduk desa hampir 50% adalah petani, memberikan peluang kepada masyarakat desa Fajar Baru untuk meningkatkan wirausaha sebagai produsen dan penyalur, pedagang, ataupun pusat grosir minyak kelapa murni. Perkembangan saat ini sangat memungkinkan untuk memproduksi minyak goreng berbahan baku kelapa dalam skala industri rumah dan memasarkannya dengan harga kompetitif dibanding dengan minyak sawit yang harganya semakin melambung tinggi. Di samping itu minyak kelapa murni yang dibuat dengan metode mekanik telah terbukti memiliki khasiat bagi kesehatan. Tim Pengabdian Unila memberikan sosialisasi cara pembuatan minyak goreng dari kelapa. Tujuan dari kegiatan pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini adalah sosialisasi serta pelatihan pembuatan minyak kelapa murni (virgin coconut oil). Bentuk kegiatan yang dilakukan adalah pendampingan, pelatihan, dan praktek. Melalui kegiatan ini diperoleh juga kesempatan kepada para pendamping untuk menyebarluaskan hasil kegiatan melalui youtube, media massa, jurnal dan seminar nasional. Pada pengabdian kali ini juga dihasilkan peningkatan pengetahuan peserta berkaitan dengan pengelolaan pembuatan VCO dan pemahaman kewirausahan serta pemasaran sebesar 21% (64,5% menjadi 85,5%).

<p>Salah satu komponen yang bertanggung jawab terhadap pemisahan pada metode <em>Polymer Inclusion Membrane</em> (PIM) adalah senyawa pembawa. Senyawa pembawa pada pemisahan fenol sangat diperlukan dalam rangka ikut menyelamatkan lingkungan perairan. Penelitian ini menyintesis senyawa pembawa, yaitu kopoli-eugenol divinil benzena (co-EDVB) 10%. Senyawa ini merupakan hasil sintesis antara eugenol dan divinil benzena dengan teknik polimerisasi menggunakan katalis triflourodietil eter (BF₃O(C₂H₅)₂). Senyawa pembawa selanjutnya dipakai sebagai salah satu komponen pembentuk membran PIM. Membran PIM yang terbentuk kemudian diaplikasikan untuk uji pemisahan fenol pada limbah buatan, yaitu limbah yang dibuat dengan mencampurkan fenol, logam Pb(II) dan Cu(II). Senyawa hasil sintesis dikarakterisasi menggunakan <em>Fourier Transform Infrared</em> (FTIR), sedangkan membran PIM sebelum dan setelah transpor fenol dikarakterisasi menggunakan FTIR dan <em>Scanning Electron Microscope</em> (SEM). Hasil penelitian didapatkan bahwa senyawa co-EDVB 10% telah berhasil disintesis, ditandai dengan hilangnya serapan spektra IR gugus vinil pada bilangan gelombang 995,27 cm^-1 dan serapan gugus alil pada bilangan gelombang 1636,5 cm^-1. Hasil penelitian juga menunjukkan bahwa transpor fenol menggunakan membran PIM dipengaruhi oleh kehadiran logam berat. Persentase transpor fenol pada kontrol didapatkan sebesar 48,8%, sedangkan pada limbah buatan didapatkan 27,25%. </p><p><strong>Competition of Phenol in Artificial Waste using Copoly-Eugenol Divinyl Benzene 10% as Carrier Compound. </strong>One of the components responsible for the separation in the Polymer Inclusion Membrane (PIM) method is a carrier compound. Carrier compounds in the separation of phenol are very necessary in order to save the aquatic environment. This study synthesized a carrier compound namely copoly-eugenol divinyl benzene (co-EDVB) 10%. This compound was synthesized between eugenol and benzene divinyl with polymerization techniques using the catalyst triflourodietil ether (BF₃O(C₂H₅)₂). Furthermore, the carrier compound was used as one of the components of PIM membrane formation. The formed PIM was is applied to test the separation of phenols in artificial waste made by mixing phenols, metal Pb(II), and Cu(II). The synthesized compounds were characterized using Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR), whereas PIM membranes before and after phenol transport were characterised using FTIR and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The results show that the co-EDVB10% compound was successfully synthesized indicated by the loss of the IR absorption spectra of the vinyl group at a wavenumber of 995.27 cm^-1 and the absorption of the allyl group at a wavenumber of 1636.5 cm^-1. Moreover, the results show that phenol transport using PIM membranes was influenced by the presence of heavy metals. The percentage of phenol transport in the control was 48.8%, while in the artificial waste was 27.25%.</p>