Background
Paradoxical adipose hyperplasia (PAH), a rare side effect of CoolSculpting (cryolipolysis), is characterized by fatty enlargement of the treatment area occurring months after the procedure.
Objectives
The purpose of this study is to report a retrospective case series of patients diagnosed with PAH at our institution, increase the collective understanding of this complication and subsequent management, and raise the question of who should ethically perform cryolipolysis.
Methods
All participants diagnosed with PAH by a plastic surgeon at a large academic medical center were identified. Demographic information, medical history, procedure details, time to PAH diagnosis, and corrective surgical intervention details were collected. Mean duration of time from cryolipolysis treatment to diagnosis of PAH was calculated, along with other descriptive statistics. A scoping review of all PAH literature published in PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was also conducted.
Results
Four patients diagnosed with PAH after cryolipolysis were identified for inclusion in this study. The calculated incidence of PAH at our center was 0.67%. All patients requested therapy for PAH and subsequently underwent either liposuction, abdominoplasty, or both. The mean duration of in-person follow-up time after final surgical treatment of PAH was 13.8 ± 19.8 months (range: 2.8-43.5). Fortunately, no patients showed signs of PAH recurrence, and three out of four patients did not show signs of residual deformity.
Conclusions
Findings from this patient cohort and scoping review provide evidence that although revisions may be required, conventional body contouring methods, not in the armamentarium of non-plastic surgeon practitioners, effectively alleviated PAH.
Sugammadex is a novel reversal agent for the neuromuscular blocking agents rocuronium and vecuronium; it has been shown to rapidly and completely reverse neuromuscular blockade for rocuronium and vecuronium, even when the blockade is profound. We present the case of a 2-week-old, 850-g infant born at 25 weeks' gestation, who presented to the operating room for exploratory laparotomy and repair of ileal atresia. Anesthesia was induced and neuromuscular blockade with 1.2 mg/kg of rocuronium was administered. The neonate experienced rapid oxyhemoglobin desaturation and progressively became very difficult to mask ventilate. Direct laryngoscopy failed to result in successful intubation of the trachea and ventilation became impossible. To reverse the effects of rocuronium, 16 mg/kg of sugammadex was administered. Immediately after, the infant resumed spontaneous ventilation and was able to maintain adequate oxyhemoglobin saturation between 90% and 95% with supplemental oxygen. To our knowledge, this is the first report of successful reversal of neuromuscular blockade, with sugammadex, in an emergent situation after failure to intubate/ventilate an extremely low birth weight infant.
A 4-month-old girl initially presented to the pediatric ICU at 9 days old with multiorgan failure and cerebellar hemorrhage secondary to disseminated enteroviral infection and was eventually listed for liver transplant. Due to severe coagulopathy, she developed a hemothorax after line placement. Despite operative exploration and multiple recombinant factor VIIa doses, massive bleeding continued. The bleeding was finally controlled with thromboelastography-targeted platelet and cryoprecipitate transfusion in addition to four-factor prothrombin complex concentrate administration. This management strategy was invaluable in controlling bleeding from an iatrogenic cause.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.