Adopting the emerging technology of printed electronics in manufacturing novel ultrathin flat panel displays attracts both academic and industrial interests because of the challenge in the device physics and the potential of reducing production costs. Here we produce all-solution processed polymer light-emitting diode displays by solution-depositing the cathode and utilizing a multifunctional buffer layer between the cathode and the organic layers. The use of ink-jetted conducting nanoparticles as the cathode yields high-resolution cathode patterns without any mechanical stress on the organic layers. The buffer layer, which offers the functions of solvent-proof electron injection and proper affinity, is fabricated by mixing the water/alcohol-soluble polymer and a curable epoxy adhesive. Our 1.5-inch polymer lightemitting diode displays are fabricated without any dead pixels or dead lines. The all-solution process eliminates the need for high vacuum for thermal evaporation of the cathode, which paves the way to industrial roll-to-roll manufacturing of flat panel displays.

Graphene‐containing nanomaterials have emerged as important candidates for electrode materials in lithium‐ion batteries (LIBs) due to their unique physical properties. In this review, a brief introduction to recent developments in graphene‐containing nanocomposite electrodes and their derivatives is provided. Subsequently, synthetic routes to nanoparticle/graphene composites and their electrochemical performance in LIBs are highlighted, and the current state‐of‐the‐art and most recent advances in the area of graphene‐containing nanocomposite electrode materials are summarized. The limitations of graphene‐containing materials for energy storage applications are also discussed, with an emphasis on anode and cathode materials. Potential research directions for the future development of graphene‐containing nanocomposites are also presented, with an emphasis placed on practicality and scale‐up considerations for taking such materials from benchtop curiosities to commercial products.

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Germanium-based nanomaterials have emerged as important candidates for next-generation energy-storage devices owing to their unique chemical and physical properties. In this Review, we provide a review of the current state-of-the-art in germanium-based materials design, synthesis, processing, and application in battery technology. The most recent advances in the area of Ge-based nanocomposite electrode materials and electrolytes for solid-state batteries are summarized. The limitations of Ge-based materials for energy-storage applications are discussed, and potential research directions are also presented with an emphasis on commercial products and theoretical investigations.

Zn2GeO4 nanorod/graphene composites (ZGCs) were yielded by a two-step hydrothermal processing. Crystalline and amorphous regions were found to coexist in a single Zn2GeO4 nanorod. The surface of the Zn2GeO4 nanorod was compactly covered and anchored by graphene sheets. The ZGCs were then utilized as anodes for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). Intriguingly, partially crystalline ZGC containing 10.2 wt % graphene possessed excellent electrochemical performance, namely, high reversible capacity (1020 mA h g(-1) in the first cycle), favorable cyclic performance (768 mA h g(-1) after 50 cycles), and commendable rate capability (780 mA h g(-1) at the current density of 0.8A g(-1)). The amorphous region in partially crystalline Zn2GeO4 nanorods and the elastic graphene sheets provided the accommodation of volume change during the charge and discharge processes. These advantageous attributes make ZGCs the potential anode materials for LIBs.

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A facile one-step route was developed to synthesize crystalline CuGeO₃ nanowire/graphene composites (CGCs). Crystalline CuGeO₃ nanowires were tightly covered and anchored by graphene sheets, forming a layered structure. Subsequently, CGCs were exploited as electrode materials for lithium ion batteries (LIBs). The reversible formation of Li₂O buffer layer and elastic graphene sheets accommodated the volume change during the charge and discharge processes. CGC containing 37 wt% graphene exhibited a superior electrochemical performance, that is, a remarkable reversible capacity (1265 mA h g(-1) for the first cycle), an outstanding cyclic performance (853 mA h g(-1) after 50 cycles under a current density of 200 mA g(-1)), a high coulombic efficiency, and an excellent rate capability. Clearly, CGCs may stand out as a promising anode material for LIBs.