Intense competition in China's dairy product market requires international marketers to identify focused segments and plan strategies to satisfy these segments' specific consumption needs. The college students group in large urban cities is an important growing market. This new consumer group accepts Western food culture, spends a majority of family income, and is willing to accept a relativly high price. Our study uses questionnaires collected from college students in Beijing in 2007 to analyze the impacts of family eating habits and dining at Western style fast food on students' consumption of milk, cheese, yogurt, and ice cream. We found a significant and positive impact of family eating habits on dairy choices. Dining at Western style fast food restaurants reduces the likelihood of milk consumption but increases yogurt and ice cream consumption. College students' dairy consumption is affected by household size, gender, students' dairy product knowledge, health concerns, and distance to shopping centers.
KEYWORDS Dairy product consumption behavior, family eating habits, college students' food choice, impact of fast food restaurantsThe authors gratefully acknowledge editorial assistance and helpful comments from Yuliya Bolotova and Mesbah Motamed. 1 2 P. Xu et al.
In order to improve the fuel economy of vehicles, based on the automated mechanical transmission (AMT), a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) hybrid transmission for low-end multi-purpose vehicles (MPVs) is developed. To obtain the statistics of the best-selling models, we took several best-selling models in the Chinese market as the research object to study the relationship between power demand, energy demand, weight, and cost. The power requirements and energy requirements of PHEVs are decoupled. According to the decoupled theory, a single-motor parallel scheme based on the AMT is adopted to develop a PHEV hybrid transmission. In the distribution of engine and motor power, the engine just needs to meet the vehicle’s constant driving power, and the backup power can be provided by the motor, which means we can use an engine with a smaller power rating. The energy of short-distance travel is mainly provided by the motor, which can make full use of the battery, reducing the fuel consumption. The energy of long-distance travel is mainly provided by the engine, which can reduce the need for battery capacity. The working modes of the electrified mechanical transmission (EMT) are proposed, using P3 as the basic working mode and setting the P2 mode at the same time, and the gear ratios are designed. Based on the above basic scheme, two rounds of prototype development and assembling prototype vehicles for testing are carried out for the front-engine-front-drive (FF) layout. The test results show that the vehicle’s economy has been improved compared to the unmodified vehicle, and the fuel-saving rate of 100 kilometers has been achieved at 35.18%. The prototype development and the vehicle matching verify the effectiveness of the new configuration based on AMT.
The demisting efficiency of three structure demister and the influence of hook plate on the efficiency of demister were analyzed using fluent software. For a droplet with a particle size of 20μm, when α= 90°, L=20mm, and the inlet speed v=5m/s, the demisting efficiency of the wave plate demister has reached 96.67%. After installing the hook plate, the efficiency of the wave plate demister was significantly increased, the efficiency of the streamline plate demister was more than doubled, and The efficiency increase of the fold line plate demister was small. Finally, the comprehensive analysis showed that the wave plate demister had the highest efficiency and increasing the hook plate could increase the demisting efficiency but at the same time increased the pressure drop.
During efforts to solve common technical challenges to the comprehensive recovery of rare precious metals associated with copper smelting, Xiangguang Copper (XG) independently developed a new process to treat anode slime using technology that captures precious metal using bismuth. This paper focuses on the introduction and application of this technology for capturing precious metals with bismuth. It also discusses silver electrolysis at high current density and bismuth recovery from precious metals slag. The new process shows good adaptability of raw materials, elimination of lead pollution, low energy consumption, environmental protection and high comprehensive recovery rate of metals, which promotes the technological progress of comprehensive recovery and utilization of associated resources in copper smelting process.
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