esistin was first found in 2001 by Steppan and coworkers as a novel peptide synthesized and secreted from murine adipocytes. 1 Circulating resistin level was increased in diet-induced and genetic forms of obesity but could be decreased using rosiglitazone therapy. Administration of anti-resistin antibodies improved blood glucose control and insulin action in mice with dietinduced obesity. 1 Resistin is thought to be an adipokine associated with insulin resistance.Subsequent studies of its role in human obesity and insulin resistance, however, showed conflicting results. 2 Contrary to the distribution in rodents, in humans, the main sources of resistin seem to be monocytes and macrophages. 3 Resistin level was positively associated with levels of inflammatory markers, including soluble tumor necrosis factor-receptor-2, interleukin-6 and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2. 4 Moreover, resistin up-regulates the expression of adhesion molecules in cultured endothelial cells and promotes the proliferation of smooth muscle cells, which suggests that it may be an inflammatory marker. 4 inflammation and atherosclerosis. 7,8 Indeed, resistin levels were also correlated with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) level, insulin level and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. In a study adjusting for age, sex and established risk factors, the concentration of resistin was also associated with increasing coronary artery calcification (CAC); resistin levels further predicted CAC in subjects with metabolic syndrome. 4 Also, Ohmori reported resistin levels increased in 157 patients with coronary artery disease, even after adjusting for age and gender. Resistin levels were found to increase stepwise, depending on number of stenotic vessels and/or segments. 7 Acute coronary syndrome (ACS) is an acute cardiac event resulting from rupture of vulnerable atherosclerotic plaque in the coronary artery. In ACS, a large amount of inflammatory cells and cytokines are released to the circulation and accelerate the development of atherosclerosis, which results from chronic metabolic abnormality. In the present study, we observed plasma resistin level in patients with ACS during the first week after symptom onset, analyzed the relation of plasma resistin level and clinical index, and investigated the potential significance of resistin in ACS pathogenesis. Method SubjectsThe study was reviewed and approved by the Ethics Committee of Peking University First Hospital, and informed consent was obtained from each subject before the study began. The aim of the present study was to investigate the alteration in level of plasma resistin in patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) to uncover the role of resistin. Methods and ResultsThe 39 patients with ACS and 26 age-matched healthy subjects in this cross-sectional study were investigated. Plasma resistin levels were measured using radioimmunoassay. Plasma resistin levels were significantly increased in patients with ACS at 24 h after symptoms onset and remained at a high...

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BackgroundFibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) has been described as a metabolic hormone critical for glucose and lipid metabolism. Previously, high levels of FGF21 were observed in patients with coronary heart disease and non-acute myocardial infarction (non-AMI). In this study, we investigated the changes in FGF21 levels in Chinese patients with AMI.Methodology/Principal FindingsWe used ELISA to measure circulating FGF21 levels in 55 AMI patients and 45 non-AMI control patients on the 1st day after syndrome onset. All patients were followed-up within 30 days. FGF21 levels in AMI patients were significantly higher than those in non-AMI controls (0.25 (0.16–0.34) vs. 0.14 (0.11–0.20) ng/mL, P < 0.001). FGF21 levels reached the maximum within approximately 24 h after the onset of AMI and remained at high for 7 days, and the FGF21 level (OR: 16.93; 95% confidence interval (CI): 2.65–108.05; P = 0.003) was identified as an independent factor associated with the presence of AMI. On the 7th day, FGF21 levels were significantly higher in the patients who subsequently developed re-infarction within 30 days than in the patients who did not develop re-infarction (with vs. without re-infarction: 0.45 (0.22–0.64) vs. 0.21 (0.15–0.29) ng/mL, P = 0.014).Conclusions/SignificanceThe level of serum FGF21 is independently associated with the presence of AMI in Chinese patients. High FGF21 levels might be related to the incidence of re-infarction within 30 days after onset.

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