Background: Falling sex ratio is signaling precipitation of demographic catastrophe in India. Female feticide, male child preference, and gender inequities are to be blamed. Objective: To study awareness and perception regarding Preconception and Prenatal Diagnostic Techniques (PCPNDT) Act among mothers of under-five attending immunization clinic and gender preference among them. Materials and Methods: A Cross-sectional study was carried out among 200 mothers of under-five attending immunization clinic at Government Medical College, Nagpur, during April-June 2014. Data were collected by interview using semistructured pro forma after obtaining written consent of mothers. Data were presented in percentage, mean, range with SD, and c 2-test as test of significance. Result: Majority of mothers 150 (75%) were aware about decreasing girls in India. One hundred and sixty-one (80.5%) mothers were aware about prenatal sex determination, and 61 (30.5%) knew that sonography is used for this purpose. Awareness about PCPNDT Act was 65%. Awareness was significantly associated with higher education, upper socioeconomic class, and working status. Although 85 (42.5%) mothers knew that punishment under PCPNDT is in the form of jail or monetary fine, none were aware about the correct penalty. Of 83 mothers desirous of more children, 33 (40%) preferred to have male child; while only 14 (17%) had preference for a female child. Preference for male child was significantly associated with the birth of previous female child. Conclusion: Awareness regarding PCPNDT Act is high among those with higher education, upper socioeconomic class, and working mothers. Preference for male child is significantly associated with the birth of previous female child.
Background: The afoot COVID-19 pandemic has covered approximately every edge of the world. Schools and colleges are temporarily shut leading to children being indoors. Thus, gadgets have become an inseparable part of life and govern the daily routine of an individual. The aim of the study was to assess the pattern of gadget usage and sleep quality among medical undergraduates during COVID-19 lockdown.Methods: Present cross-sectional study was conducted amongst 149 medical undergraduates of Shri Vasantrao Naik Govt. Medical College, Yavatmal. Their gadget usage pattern and sleep quality before and during lockdown were measured using a predesigned and pretested questionnaire based on Smartphone addiction scale-short version (SAS-SV) and Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), administered via the Google forms platform.Results: 139 (93.28%) responses were completely and correctly filled. Smartphone addiction was seen in 71 (51.08%) study subjects. The mean sleep duration before and during lockdown had no significant changes. There was linear positive correlation between SAS-SV score and PSQI score, but the correlation was not statistically significant.Conclusions: The proportion of smartphone addiction amongst medical undergraduates is significantly high and the mean sleep duration is reduced during lockdown.
Background: Controversies over the value of BMI for the estimation of body fat have led to recommendations of the use of new methods to measure body fat. The objective of the study was to find the association between hypertension and anthropometric variables like BMI, Waist-Hip ratio, Ponderal index, Brocca index.Methods: Newly diagnosed 150 hypertensive patients aged more than 30 years attending medicine OPD were selected as cases. Equal numbers of age matched controls were selected from relative or neighbourhood. Blood pressure of the subjects was recorded. BMI, WHR, Ponderal index, Brocca index were calculated. Association between two categorical variables was analyzed by using Chi -square test, odds ratio along with 95% confidence interval (CI). Student’s T test was used as test of significance for difference between two means. P<0.05 was considered to be statistically significant.Results: Those having BMI >25 has 2.28 (1.31, 3.95) times risk of being hypertensive. Those having waist to hip ratio (WHR) >0.9 had 2.73 (1.68, 4.41) times higher chance of being hypertensive. Those having Ponderal Index <40 had 3.08 (1.75, 5.42) times higher risk of hypertension. Those with ideal body weight percent more than 100 by Brocca index had 2.98 (1.84, 4.83) times chance of getting hypertension.Conclusions: Ponderal index (PI), Ideal body weight percent by Brocca index (BI) and waist hip ratio (WHR) were found to be strongly associated with hypertension with higher odds ratio than BMI.
Disturbed behaviour presents in the general hospital in less than 4% of patients, both above and below the age of 65 years, but consumes a disproportionate amount of resources. Responses required to manage this include additional medication, additional staff time or other interventions. The quantity and nature of disturbed behaviour in the general hospital have implications for effective service provision and development.
Background: The Medical Council of India (MCI) published "regulations on graduate medical education, 1997". No study is available on perception of medical teachers about these regulations. It was planned to study perception of Medical teachers at Government Medical College, Nagpur towards Medical Council of India's Graduate Medical Education Regulations (GMER) 1997. Methods: Cross sectional study was conducted among 150 teachers working at GMC, Nagpur, from July 2014 to January 2015. Data was collected using validated self-administered questionnaire using likert scale. Data was entered in excel sheet and percentage were calculated. Results: More than 75 percent teachers agreed with eligibility criteria for admission to MBBS, duration of MBBS and internship, phase wise distribution of subjects of MBBS, curriculum designed for respective subjects of MBBS. More than 70 percent of teachers were satisfied with existing system of internal assessment and were of opinion that Attendance should be given weightage for internal assessment. About 28 percent teachers said continuation of multiple choice questions in theory examination should be stopped. About 32 percent teachers said previous pattern with 50% weightage to theory and practical each and no internal assessment examination was better. Many teachers suggested changes to the curriculum and gave opinion about MCI Regulations. Conclusions: Majority of the teachers agree with eligibility criteria of MBBS admission, duration of MBBS and internship, phase wise distribution and curriculum designed for respective subjects and are satisfied with existing system of internal assessment. Teachers opine that curriculum should be clinically oriented, applied and should cover practical aspects.
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