Background In the current research, we have developed silver and iron nanoparticles of isolated proanthocynidin (PAC) from grape seed by green synthesis and evaluated for antimicrobial, antioxidant activity and in vitro cytotoxicity against colon cancer cell lines. Results One percent solution of isolated proanthocynidin in water was vigorously mixed with 1% silver nitrate and 1% ferric chloride solution and kept for 4 h, to yield PACAgNP and PACFeNP. The synthesized nanoparticles were characterized by UV, FTIR, XRD, and SEM analysis and evaluated for antimicrobial potential against selected microbes. Moreover, the synthesized nanoparticles were studied for DPPH assay and in vitro cytotoxicity using colon cancer cell lines COLO320DM and HT29 (MTT, SRB, and Trypan blue assay). UV spectroscopy confirmed the development of nanoparticles. SEM analysis showed that the particles were aggregated in the size range of 50 to 100 nm. Antimicrobial potential was found to be less against Staphylococcus aureus , Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Escherichia coli , whereas cytotoxicity of PACAgNP and PACFeNP against COLO320DM and HT29 exhibited promising results as compared to the pure PAC. PACAgNP and PACFeNP exhibited 20.83 ± 0.33% and 18.06 ± 0.60% inhibition, respectively, against DPPH radical, whereas pure PAC showed 16.79 ± 0.32% inhibition and standard (ascorbic acid) exhibited 98.73 ± 0.18% inhibition of DPPH radical. Conclusion The silver and iron nanoparticles were successfully developed by green synthesis method using isolated proanthocynidin which is economical and eco-friendly. The use of metal nanoparticles may open up a new opportunity for anticancer therapies to minimize the toxic effects of available anticancer drugs specifically in targeting specific site. Graphical abstract
Objective:To verify the utility of isolated fermentative microbes from Woodfordia fruticosa flowers for preparation of Arjunāriṣṭa formulation and its comparative evaluation with the same formulation prepared by traditional method.Methodology:In the present technique, isolated colonies of microorganisms from Woodfordia fruticosa (Dhātakī) flowers on Saubroad dextrose media were separated and suspended in sterile water. This suspension was aseptically added in previously sterilized mixtures containing all intended ingredients for Arjunāriṣṭa which was thereafter incubated for 20 days at 37°C to achieve optimal fermentation. The formulation thus obtained was further subjected to various evaluation tests.Result:Arjunāriṣṭa was prepared using a new approach, and in that, isolated microorganisms from the flowers of Woodfordia fruticosa (Dhātakī) were used. It was found that the new approach was successful in generating approximately same quantities of alcohol content in comparison with traditional methods which have shown varying concentration of alcoholic content. Moreover, the new process prevents the growth of unwanted microbes thus, optimizing standards for purity and safety of the formulation.Conclusion:The formulation prepared by a new procedure showed marked uniformity for different parameters such as alcohol production, total phenol content, total solid content as compared to that prepared by the traditional method. Similarly, the results of thin layer chromatography, high performance thin layer chromatography showed marked uniformity related to quality, safety, efficacy, and reproducibility of the new method as compared to the traditional one. Thus, the modern technique was found to show reproducibility and facilitate easier quality assessment.
Our study aimed at development of Silver, Iron and Gold nanoparticles of Lycopene isolated from tomato by using green synthesis technique and to evaluate its anticancer potential against colorectal and cervical cancer. Lycopene was extracted by benzene extraction method and the silver, iron and gold nanoparticles were developed by green synthesis method. 1% aqueous extract of isolated Lycopene was mixed with 1% solutions of AgNO3, FeCl3 and HAuCl4 solutions and incubated at ambient temperature for 3–4 h separately and observed for the color change which is an indicative of formation of the nanoparticles. The prepared nanoparticles were characterized by FTIR, SEM, XRD analysis and evaluated for their antimicrobial potential. The cytotoxicity studies were carried out by in vitro assay like MTT, SRB and Tryphan blue method against Colo 320 DM, HT 29, and Hella. SEM showed nanosized particles of 50–100 nm range, whereas no antimicrobial activity was exhibited by the prepared nanoparticles. In MTT assay the LyAgNP showed maximum 41.41 ± 0.4124% inhibition against COLO320DM, whereas LyGNP exhibited 41.47 ± 0.4469% inhibition against HT 29 and LyAgNP showed 40.9 ± 0.6908% inhibition against Hella cells. In SRB assay LyAgNP showed maximum 82.68 ± 1.1798% inhibition against COLO320DM, whereas LyGNP exhibited maximum 91.21 ± 0.2372% inhibition against HT29 and 87.98 ± 0.5878% inhibition against Hella cells. In tryphan blue assay against COLO320DM, HT29 and Hella cells, the maximum inhibition exhibited by the prepared nanoparticles were observed as LyGNP 83.45 ± 0.4694%, LyAgNP 88.05 ± 0.1870% and LyAgNP65.47 ± 0.4766%. We conclude that the developed nanoparticles of Lycopene exhibited potential anticancer activity against Colorectal and cervical cancer cell as compared with pure Lycopene.
In the Indian system of medicine-Ayurveda, azadirachta indica, adhatoda vasica, piper betle, ocimum tenuiflorum and pongamia pinnata has been mentioned as a remedy for treatment of various infectious diseases and ailments. Based on the folkloric use, the present study was designed to formulate and evaluate polyherbal gel containing extracts of Azadirachta indica, Adhatoda vasica, Piper betle, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Pongamia pinnata. Gel formulations (Formulation A, B and C) were prepared which comprised of the ethanolic extracts of Azadirachta indica, Adhatoda vasica, Piper betle, Ocimum tenuiflorum and Pongamia pinnata in a concentration of 0.1, 0.3 and 0.5 %, respectively in a base. The prepared formulations were evaluated for appearance and homogeneity, pH, viscosity and rheological studies, spreadability, skin irritation test (patch test) and washability. The formulations were also screened for their antimicrobial activity by disc plate method against S. aureus, B. subtilis, A. niger and E. coli. The results of the studies revealed that all formulations under study viz. A, B and C showed better zone of inhibition as compared with the control. However, formulation C exhibited maximum activity against the selected strains which may be attributed to its greater amount of herbal extracts as compared to formulation A and B. The polyherbal gel formulations were observed to possess antimicrobial action. The effective activity may be attributed to the synergistic action of the plants constituents present in the formulation.
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