Researches have shown positive correlation between periodontitis and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. We reviewed the literature to assess the relationship between periodontitis and respiratory diseases. This study involved a review of relevant English literature published regarding periodontitis and respiratory diseases during the period of 1994-2015. The analysis of literature related to the topic showed there is association between periodontitis and respiratory diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and pneumonia. It was found that periodontitis is associated with respiratory diseases due to poor oral hygiene and low immunity state.
Background: Given large number of patients with hypertension attending dental clinics and the profound effects of local anesthetics containing vasoconstrictors, this study aimed to compare the effects of lidocaine 2% + epinephrine, prilocaine 3% + felypressin0.03, and mepivacaine 3% on blood pressure changes. Methods:The current study was carried out from May 2014 to February 2015.Patients with controlled hypertension (systolic blood pressure<159.94 mmHg before the injection) who attended Zahedan dental school (Zahedan , Iran) for the extraction of a mandibular tooth were selected and randomly allocated to three groups of 20. Groups 1-3 received lidocaine 2% + epinephrine, prilocaine 3% + felypressin 0.03 units, and mepivacaine3%, respectively. Patients were only included if they were injected with a maximum of two 1.8 ml cartridges (3.6 ml) for tooth extraction (maximum epinephrine dose of 0.04 mg was maintained in systemic patients).The collected data were analyzed using the analysis of variance (ANOVA) in SPSS 19.0. (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA)Results: No significant differences were observed between the systolic and diastolic blood pressure of the three groups. The three evaluated local anesthetic solutions had similar effects in patients with controlled hypertension. Conclusion:While no significant changes in blood pressure were observed in three groups, all dental procedures on the mentioned group of patients have to be performed under careful monitoring and aspiration. Moreover, the maximum epinephrine dose (0.04mg) should never be exceeded in these patients.
Background: Periodontitis is the inflammation of the periodontal supporting tissues. The response of periodontal tissues to local bacteria leads to bone resorption and destruction of periodontal junction. Given the possible association between periodontitis and low bone mineral density, the aim of present study was to find if measurement of salivary biomarkers as a less invasive method, can provide an appropriate screening method for assessment of bone mineral density in patients with chronic periodontitis?Methods: A case-control study was conducted on 53 people, including 28 patients with severe chronic periodontitis and 25 healthy people between April 2014 to March 2015 in Zahedan (southeast of Iran). Following Periodontal examination, salivary samples were collected, and the concentration of salivary calcium and phosphate were measured and reported as mg/dl. Bone mineral density of participants was measured using dual energy x-ray absorptiometry and reported as gr/cm 2 .Results: No significant association was found between concentrations of salivary calcium and phosphate levels with bone mineral density in either healthy people or in patients with severe chronic periodontitis, despite a significant bone density reduction (in the femur neck and lumbar spine L2-L4) in the periodontitis group compared to healthy people (P=0.006, and P=0.009 respectively). Conclusion:Concentration of salivary calcium and phosphate do not appear to be good indicators of bone mineral density. Further prospective studies with larger sample size are recommended.
Background: Artificial neural networks (ANNs) can be used in various medical cases due to their high performance in learning the relationship between variables. Periodontal diseases are common oral infectious diseases that can cause tooth loss, if not treated.
Background:Periodontal diseases, such as periodontitis, are considered the main cause of tooth loss in the elderly. The present study is aimed to determine the relationship between periodontal condition and quality of life. Quality of life consists of a range of people’s objective needs related to the self-perception of well-being.Methods:This study was done from January 2014 to June 2015 in a healthcare clinic in Zahedan, southeast Iran. Using the random sampling method, the researchers enrolled 700 individuals over 35 years of age. The participants initially completed a demographic questionnaire consisting of data, such as age, sex, educational level, and smoking habit. Then, the periodontal chart was completed. Moreover, patients, based on the number of their natural teeth, were divided into two groups (≥10 teeth in both maxillary and mandible arches and <10 teeth in at least one arch). The body mass index (BMI) was also measured. To assess the participants’ general health, the WHO’s quality of life questionnaire (WHOQOL-BREF) was used.Results:Of the 700 enrolled individuals, 53.3% were womenand 47.7% were men. Moreover, most of the participants (63.71%) had BMI of less than 25 and 68% did not smoke. We found that as the people’s periodontal status deteriorated, their quality of life also declined and the total mean score in all four health domains decreased (P<0.001). Moreover, people with more than 10 teeth in both arches scored higher with respect to life quality than those with less than 10 teeth in at least one arch (P<0.001).Conclusion:This studyindicates a decrease in the general quality of life in patients with periodontal disease. The authors suggest performing studies with larger sample sizes andcohort studies for more reliable results.
Megaloblastic anemias are a group of hematologic disorders in which abnormal DNA synthesis causes blood and bone marrow disorders. This type of anemias occurs as a result of folic acid deficiency or impaired vitamin B12 absorption. The prevalence of this type of anemia is highly variable worldwide and megaloblastic anemia caused by lack of vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin) is rare during pregnancy [1]. In this case report, we report follow-ups conducted for a pregnant 33-yearold woman, G2, P1, with a history of previous natural childbirth who attended Kamali Hospital due to labor pain associated with severe thrombocytopenia. Although this woman was injected 10 units of PLT and also vitamin B12 (cyanocobalamin), folic acid and corticosteroids in the course of treatment, her platelet level has not yet returned to normal levels after 6 months and she is still being treated.
Introduction:The prevalence of pregnancies with triplet or more has been increased due to using assisted reproductive treatments. Meanwhile, multiple pregnancies have higher risks and long-term maternal-fetal complications compared to twin and singleton pregnancies. Delayed interval delivery (DID) is a new approach in the management of multiple pregnancies following delivery or abortion. The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the benefits of DID and presents a case that used this method.Methods:This paper covers a report on a case of triplet pregnancy resulting from assisted reproductive techniques with spontaneous delivery of a fetus at gestational age of 20 weeks and the use of conservative DID for two other fetuses until the 33rd week.Results:In our case, the delivery of two other fetuses occurred spontaneously at gestational age of 33 weeks after the delivery of the first fetus at week 20.Conclusions:Using DID is a useful and reliable method, but requires careful monitoring, especially in patients with a history of infertility.
Background RANKL and OPG play an important role in bone resorption. The ratio increases in periodontal disease. The present study was conducted to evaluate the effect of Phase 1 periodontal treatment on the salivary ratio in patients with severe chronic periodontitis. Materials and methods Saliva samples were collected from 13 patients with severe chronic periodontitis and 14 healthy controls at baseline and then four weeks after the treatment using unstimulated spitting. The salivary levels of RANKL, OPG and ratio were investigated using the ELISA method. Results The findings of this study showed that the mean ratio was significantly higher in the patients with periodontal disease than in the healthy controls ( P =0.001). Also, the ratio was significantly higher in the patients with a higher mean CAL ( P =0/004). The comparison of the salivary ratio in patients with periodontal disease before and four weeks after the treatment showed a significant reduction in this value four weeks after the periodontal treatment ( P =0/001). Conclusion The results of this study showed a direct relationship between the ratio and the severity of periodontal disease. Phase 1 of periodontal treatment was found to be effective in reducing the ratio. In other words, the ratio can be a good predictor of treatment success. Further long-term studies with larger sample sizes are required for confirming these results.
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