Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), presents a challenge to laboratorians and healthcare workers around the world. Handling of biological samples from individuals infected with the SARS-CoV-2 virus requires strict biosafety measures. Within the laboratory, non-propagative work with samples containing the virus requires, at minimum, Biosafety Level-2 (BSL-2) techniques and facilities. Therefore, handling of SARS-CoV-2 samples remains a major concern in areas and conditions where biosafety for specimen handling is difficult to maintain, such as in rural laboratories or austere field testing sites. Inactivation through physical or chemical means can reduce the risk of handling live virus and increase testing ability especially in low-resource settings due to easier and faster sample processing. Herein we assess several chemical and physical inactivation techniques employed against SARS-CoV-2 isolates from Cambodia. This data demonstrates that all chemical (AVL, inactivating sample buffer and formaldehyde) and heat-treatment (56 and 98 °C) methods tested completely inactivated viral loads of up to 5 log10.
The world’s most consequential pathogens occur in regions with the fewest diagnostic resources, leaving the true burden of these diseases largely under-represented. During a prospective observational study of sepsis in Takeo Province Cambodia, we enrolled 200 patients over an 18-month period. By coupling traditional diagnostic methods such as culture, serology, and PCR to Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) and advanced statistical analyses, we successfully identified a pathogenic cause in 46.5% of our cohort. In all, we detected 25 infectious agents in 93 patients, including severe threat pathogens such as Burkholderia pseudomallei and viral pathogens such as Dengue virus. Approximately half of our cohort remained undiagnosed; however, an independent panel of clinical adjudicators determined that 81% of those patients had infectious causes of their hospitalization, further underscoring the difficulty of diagnosing severe infections in resource-limited settings. We garnered greater insight as to the clinical features of severe infection in Cambodia through analysis of a robust set of clinical data.
24Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the causative agent of 25Coronavirus disease 2019 , presents a challenge to laboratorians and healthcare 26 workers around the world. Handling of biological samples from individuals infected with the 27 SARS-CoV-2 virus requires strict biosafety and biosecurity measures. Within the laboratory, non-28 propagative work with samples containing the virus requires, at minimum, Biosafety Level-2 29 (BSL-2) techniques and facilities. Therefore, handling of SARS-CoV-2 samples remains a major 30 concern in areas and conditions where biosafety and biosecurity for specimen handling is difficult 31 to maintain, such as in rural laboratories or austere field testing sites. Inactivation through physical 32 or chemical means can reduce the risk of handling live virus and increase testing ability worldwide. 33 Herein we assess several chemical and physical inactivation techniques employed against SARS-34 CoV-2 isolates from Cambodian COVID-19 patients. This data demonstrates that all chemical 35 (AVL, inactivating sample buffer and formaldehyde) and heat treatment (56 o C and 98 o C) methods 36 tested completely inactivated viral loads of up to 5 log10. 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46
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