Amalgam's non-adhesive characteristics necessitate cavity preparations incorporating retentive features, which often require the removal of non-carious tooth structure. Use of adhesives beneath amalgam restorations, would be helpful to overcome this disadvantage. This study was undertaken to compare the mean shear bond strength of amalgam bonded to primary and permanent dentin, to evaluate the efficacy of amalgam adhesives in pediatric dentistry.27 primary and 28 permanent posterior teeth with intact buccal or lingual surfaces were grounded to expose dentin and wet-polished with 400-grit silicone carbide paper. Scotchbond Multi Purpose Plus adhesive system was applied to the dentin surfaces and light cured. Amalgam was condensed onto the treated dentin through a plastic mold.shear bond strength testing was done using an Instron Universal testing machine, at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/min.The data were analyzed by independent samples t-test The difference among the two groups was not statistically significant (p>0.05) Bonded amalgam showed the same level of bond strength to primary and permanent dentin; so, application of amalgam bonding agents in pediatric dentistry can be recommended.
Background The aim of this study was (1) to determine and compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of a bioactive composite “Activa Bioactive Restorative” with and without bonding agent and a nanocomposite “Filtek Z350 XT/Z350” and (2) to measure and compare the amount of fluoride release from a bioactive composite “Activa Bioactive Restorative” and a glass ionomer ”Equia forte”. Material and Methods Forty two dentin surfaces from freshly extracted human molars were prepared for shear bond strength testing. The specimens were randomly divided into three equal groups. The restorative materials were applied to all dentin surfaces according to the manufacturer’s instructions, using a special jig (Ultradent) in the following manner : Group 1 (Activa Bioactive Restorative with adhesive), Group 2 (Activa Bioactive Restorative without adhesive) and Group 3 (Filtek Z350 XT/Z350). The bonded specimens were subjected to thermocycling in 5°C and 55°C water baths then tested for SBS in a universal testing machine (1 mm/minute). Kolmogorov-Smirnov and Levene tests were used to evaluate the distribution of the variable and the equality of variances respectively and a Student’s T- test was applied to compare the mean strength between the groups. In the next test, thirty disc shaped specimens were fabricated using Activa BioActive restorative and Equia Forte; 15 specimens from each material. The specimens of each group were immersed separately in 5 ml of deionized water. Fluoride release was measured daily throughout 15 days using a fluoride-specific ion electrode and an ion-analyzer. Repeated measures analysis of variance with one within-subject factor (time) and one between-subject factor (Activa Bioactive / Equia Forte) was applied to compare the amount of released fluoride between groups and within time. It was followed by univariate analyses and Bonferroni multiple comparisons tests. Results The mean shear bond strength of Activa Bioactive Restorative with adhesive was found to be 17.379 (± 8.5043) MPa and 19.443(± 8.3293) MPa for the Filtek Z350 XT/Z350 group. There was no significant difference between both groups. Regarding fluoride release, the amount of Fluoride released was significantly greater in the Equia Forte group compared to the Activa Bioactive group (- p-value <0.05). The mean amount of Fluoride has significantly decreased over time with Activa Bioactive group (- p-value <0.001); it showed the highest fluoride release during the first 24 hours post-setting. Also in the Equia Forte group, the mean amount of Fluoride release showed a progressive and significant decrease over time (- p-value <0.001), although the amount of Fluoride released was significantly greater in the Equia Forte group compared to the Activa Bioactive group (- p-value <0.05). Conclusions Activa Bioactive Restorative with adhesive and ...
Surface qualities for resin composite restorations are important factors for any successful restoration. Thus, finishing and polishing procedures are paramount to achieving acceptable aesthetics and guaranteeing the longevity of composite restorations. This in-vitro study aimed to evaluate the influence of a one-step polishing system on the surface roughness of three bulk-fill composite resin materials. This article provides a new view into the effects of finishing and polishing on bulk-fill composites, which has received very little research. Hence, this in-vitro study was conducted to extensively evaluate the impact one-step polishing technique has upon the three bulk-fill composite resin materials' surface roughness. A total of thirty discs were prepared from three commercial resin composite [Filtek One Bulk-Fill (3M), Tetric EvoCeram Bulk-Fill (Ivoclar Vivadent), and Ecosite Bulk-Fill(DMG)] using a stainless-steel flat washer. The composite material was condensed within a mold and cured with light Intensity 1000 mw/cm for 20 seconds. All specimens were divided into three groups (n = 10): (1) EvoCeram, (2) Ecosite group, and (3) Filtek group. A single operator polished all specimens. The top surface of each sample was finished with a fine-grit tungsten carbide bur (X-mas Tree with Safe End, NTI-Kahla GmbH, and Germany) for 30 seconds. Then all specimens were polished for 30 seconds by using the OneGloss one-step polishing system. A calibrated mechanical profilometer was used to measure the Ra for each material. The lowest roughness value (0.19) was observed for the composite resin Tetric EvoCeram (Ivoclar). One-way ANOVA and LSD test showed significant differences among and between all experimental groups. Therefore, Tetric EvoCeram had the only clinically acceptable Ra values.
Objective: Traditional restorative approaches are being modified as newer materials become available and patient preferences shift. The purpose of the study was to see if dentists' preferences for using posts and other materials associated to post used to restore endodontically treated teeth are influenced by practical experience, whether measured by the length of clinical practice time or level of specialty. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted with dentists (n = 108) working at Hawler Medical University/College of Dentistry utilizing a questionnaire. Data on sociodemographics, clinical experience, postgraduate training, and post-endodontic restoration characteristics (posts/types of cement, rubber dam application) were obtained. The samples only included general and specialist dentists. A descriptive analysis was performed on the data. The Chi-square test and Fisher's exact test investigated the relationships. Results: The most chosen materials were metal posts (53.7 %) and resin cement (50 %). There was a statistically significant association between clinical practice duration and post-use type (P = 0.017). In addition, there was a highly significant relationship (P = 0.001) between clinical practice time, level of specialty, and the use of rubber dams. Conclusions: Dentists favored metal posts for post endodontic restorations, while resin-based cement was the preferred luting cement for the posts' cementation. Additional training and more clinical practice time were factors in several dental post-selection decisions.
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