No abstract

Personal beliefs of medical students may interfere with their tendency for learning Complementary and Alternative Medicine concepts. This study aimed to investigate the knowledge and attitudes of medical students toward complementary and alternative medicine in Urmia, Iran. A structured questionnaire was used as data collection instrument. One hundred questionnaires were returned. Thirty-one percent of students reported use of alternative medicine for at least once. Iranian Traditional Medicine was the main type of alternative medicine used by medical students (93.5%). Neuromuscular disorders were the main indication of alternative medicine use among students (34.4%). Ninety percent of participants demonstrated competent knowledge about acupuncture while the lowest scores belonged to homeopathy (12%). Study results showed that 49% of medical students had positive attitudes and demonstrated a willingness to receive training on the subject. Thus, there appears a necessity to integrate complementary and alternative medicine into the medical curriculum, by taking expectations and feedbacks of medical students into consideration.

Background: Correct and adequate physical activity during pregnancy has a significant effect on mother's health and fetal development. The aim of this study was to determine factors affecting physical activity in pregnant women. Material and methods:The present study is an analytical descriptive study which was performed on 325 pregnant women. To collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire was used. Its design was based on the structures of the BASNEF model and the pregnancy physical activity questionnaire.Results: Most of the pregnant mothers were inactive or lightly active, and only 6.13% of them had moderate activity and more than average. The components of the BASNEF model did not have any relation with the amount of the mothers' physical activity but the knowledge of pregnant women about physical activity in pregnancy has a significant relationship with the level of physical activity. Also there was a significant correlation between the mother's level of education, her employment status, gravid, and history of abortion and the level of physical activity. Conclusions:Most of the pregnant mothers were inactive or lightly active. Only the knowledge of pregnant women about physical activity in pregnancy has a significant relationship with the level of physical activity.

The aim of this study was to investigate the association between body mass index (BMI) and sexual health and determine what kind of sexual dysfunction is most common among overweight and obese women in reproductive age from Iran. A cross-sectional descriptive design was adopted. The data of 198 women who referred to health centers during 2014-2015 in Iran were collected through convenient sampling. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, female sexual function and sexual satisfaction indexes. Participants' heights and weights were recorded in centimeters and kilogram. Data were analyzed applying descriptive statistics, one-way analysis of variance, regression logistic analysis and χ. P-values<0.05 were considered significant. The mean age of women was 29.89±7.01 and ages ranged from 17 to 45 years. 85.9% of the participants had sexual dysfunction, and 69.7% had dissatisfaction and low satisfaction. According to our evaluations, orgasm dysfunction had the most frequency; on the other hand, desire dysfunction and pain dysfunction had the lowest frequency among overweight and obese women, respectively. Using logistic regression analysis, we have shown that BMI affected on sexual satisfaction, but there was not significant differences between BMI and sexual function. This article concludes that all women especially women with overweight and obesity should be counseled about health outcomes related to sexual activity. This article concludes that all women especially women with overweight and obesity should be counseled about health outcomes related to sexual activity.

This study was aimed to investigate the relationship between spiritual health and physical activity among Iranian pregnant women during 2015. A cross-sectional descriptive-analytic design was adopted. A total number of 411 participants were selected by convenience sampling from Iranian women who regularly attended health centers for prenatal care. Data were collected using demographic questionnaire and Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile questionnaire, 2nd edition. (Spiritual health and physical activity are two components of health-promoting lifestyle.) The data were analyzed, using descriptive statistics, t test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and regression. p values <0.05 were considered significant. The mean age of pregnant women was 27.90 ± 6.03 years. Spiritual health had the highest score (25.86 ± 4.7) and physical activity had the lowest score (11.31 ± 3.27), among six Health-Promoting Lifestyle Profile subscales. In fact, there was a statistically significant correlation between spiritual health and physical activity (p = 0.000). According to results, pregnant women have higher spiritual health and lower physical activity scores. There was a statistically significant correlation between spiritual health and physical activity. The findings of this study can be used in prenatal care, midwifery education, and maternal health policies.