Owing to their accessibility, shallow groundwater is an essential source of drinking water in rural areas while usually being used without control by authorities. At the same time, this type of water resource is one of the most vulnerable to pollution, especially in regions with extensive agricultural activity. These factors increase the probability of adverse health effects in the population as a result of the consumption of shallow groundwater. In the present research, shallow groundwater quality in the agricultural areas of Poyang Lake basin was assessed according to world and national standards for drinking water quality. To evaluate non-cancer health risk from drinking groundwater, the hazard quotient from exposure to individual chemicals and hazard index from exposure to multiple chemicals were applied. It was found that, in shallow groundwater, the concentrations of 11 components (NO, NH, Fe, Mn, As, Al, rare NO, Se, Hg, Tl and Pb) exceed the limits referenced in the standards for drinking water. According to the health risk assessment, only five components (NO, Fe, As, rare NO and Mn) likely provoke non-cancer effects. The attempt to evaluate the spatial distribution of human health risk from exposure to multiple chemicals shows that the most vulnerable area is associated with territory characterised by low altitude where reducing or near-neutral conditions are formed (lower reaches of Xiushui and Ganjiang Rivers). The largest health risk is associated with the immune system and adverse dermal effects.
АННОТАЦИЯ: В работе рассмотрены вопросы оценки возможности развития негативных эффектов у населения от потребления вод с повышенными концентрациями Fe и As на примере грунтовых вод района оз. Поянху (Китай). Рассмотрены особенности миграции и возможные причины накопления упомянутых элементов в грунтовых водах. В пределах района исследований выделены территории, подверженные наибольшей опасности развития негативных неканцерогенных эффектов у населения.ABSTRACT: The paper considers the issues of assessing the possibility of development of negative effects for human health due to the consumption of water with high concentrations of Fe and As on the example of shallow groundwater of the Poyang Lake area, China. Features of migration and possible causes of accumulation of the above mentioned elements in the shallow groundwater are considered. Areas that are most at risk of developing negative non-carcinogenic effects for human health are allocated within the Poyang Lake area.
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