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A B S T R A C TIn the present work, we study the effect of experimental conditions on the performance of polyelectrolyte-enhanced ultrafiltration for the removal of Toluidine blue from aqueous solution. The dye solution was processed by ultrafiltration using a regenerate cellulose membrane with pore sizes small enough to block the passage of the polymer and then the complexed dye ions. The experiments showed that retentions as high as 99% and 97% were obtained for PAA and PANH 4 , respectively, due to the strong electrostatic interaction between anionic polyelectrolytes and cationic dye. The increase of retention was linked to the complexation of the dye by polyelectrolyte while the decrease of the permeate flux was attributed to the accumulated macromolecular complex near the membrane.

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A microporous carboxylate metal-organic framework MIL-100 Fe was prepared as submicron particles by microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthesis (Fe-MOF-MW). This product was explored, for the first time, for the preparation of polylactic acid (PLA) mixed matrix membranes. The produced MOF was characterised by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), environmental scanning electron microscopy (ESEM) as well as by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and nitrogen adsorption/desorption. The effect of different Fe-MOF-MW concentrations (0.1 and 0.5 wt%) on the membrane properties and performance were evaluated. These membranes were used in the pervaporation process for the separation of methanol/methyl tert-butyl-ether mixtures at the azeotropic point. The influence of the feed temperature and vacuum pressure on the membrane performance was evaluated and the results were compared with PLA pristine membranes. Moreover, the produced membranes have been characterised in terms of morphology, MOF dispersion in the polymeric membrane matrix, wettability, thickness, mechanical resistance and swelling propensity. The presence of Fe-MOF-MW was found to have a beneficial effect in improving the selectivity of mixed matrix membranes towards methanol at both concentrations. The highest selectivity was obtained for the PLA membranes embedded with 0.5 wt% of Fe-MOF-MW and tested at the temperature of 25 °C and vacuum pressure of 0.09 mbar.