Phase transitions occurring during the (de)intercalation of Na in Na2/3[Fe1/2Mn1/2]O2 have been examined by using in situ XRD and in situ Raman Spectroscopy along with ex situ NMR.

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In this work it has been carried out the diffusion of silver ions in medieval glasses by a heat treatment process. Silver ions are transformed into both silver nanoparticles and nanoclusters after redox reactions with reducing glass ions. Changes in glass colour due to the formation of these silver nanoparticles have been analysed by means of visible spectroscopy. At the same time, changes in glass structure have been analysed by means of Raman scattering. By using confocal Raman spectroscopy the in deep glass structural changes occurring after silver ion diffusion and silver nanoparticle formation have been studied. These changes have been corroborated by means of gradient Raman spectroscopy where the silver ion and silver nanoparticle diffusion have been analysed on a fractured glass surface. In all cases have been observed that silver nanoparticles produce a depolymerisation of the glass structure and that such depolymerisation increases with the amount of silver nanoparticles. By using Microprobe Analysis it has been found that the higher silver nanoparticle concentration is on the glass surface and it decreases with the distance to the surface according to a diffusion process. By using nanoindentation measurements on original and gradient glass surfaces it has been found an increase of the Young modulus from 60 to 85 GPa, being the first value that corresponding to the glass surface with high silver nanoparticle concentration, and the second one for the glass without silver. This result is in accordance with Raman and Microprobe analysis.