The article substantiates the importance of the problem of adequate translation of English economic terms into the Ukrainian language, as they carry a serious semantic load in artistic works. The source of the factual material was John Grisham’s novel «The Firm». The purpose of the work is to show on the material of an artistic work how professional and terminological vocabulary is used as one of the means of artistic imagery and to conduct an analysis of the structural and semantic characteristics of the terminology and the peculiarities of its translation into the Ukrainian language. The total volume of the sample is 786 terms, of which 458 are English economic terminological combinations. As a result of the analysis, it was established that English economic terminological phrases are formed according to two- and three-component models, characterized by different degrees of usage in the language. The most productive model of the syntactic method of term formation is adjective + noun. It is noted that, in general, economic terms have the same ways of translation from English into Ukrainian as all other terms. The main problem of translation of English economic terminological combinations is their ambiguity not only among different branches of science, but also within the economic field itself. Particular attention is paid to the fact that the main techniques used in the translation of non-equivalent economic terminology from English to Ukrainian are calque or word-for-word translation and descriptive translation, transcription or transliteration is less often used.
The features of structure, semantics and translation of polycomponent economic terms from English into Ukrainian are analyzed in the article. The study found that English polycomponent economic terms are formed by two-, three- and four-component models, characterized by different degrees of usage in language, depending on extralinguistic factors, namely the need for the specified type of terminological phrases. The most productive model of the syntactic method of term formation is „adjective + noun”, which accounts for about 57% of selected terms. The semantic links between the components of terminological phrases are different – absolutely stable or relatively stable. A relatively stable link between components means that the components retain their direct meaning in English polycomponent economic terms. The meaning of terms with absolute stability is not (or almost not) derived from the meaning of their constituents. The terminology of economics is characterized by terms with a relatively stable relationship. Their share is 68% of the sample. The complexity of translating English multicomponent economic terms into Ukrainian is that some terms are ambiguous. When translating English polycomponent economic terms into Ukrainian, methods of literal translation, permutations, descriptive translation are used. The two-component terms are translated using the following constructions: „adjective + noun”, „noun + noun in the genitive case”, as well as a phrase of two nouns with a preposition. Three-component terms can be translated by a corresponding phrase, the components of which fully or partially coincide with the original English polycomponent economic term in form and meaning. We see further research prospects in the study of the structure, semantics and features of translation of these terminological units in other contexts.
The article substantiates that the current problems related to the translation of texts of various styles from English into Ukrainian, the problem of adequately transferring the content of English titles into Ukrainian, taking into account the characteristics of the target audience, are especially important. The material of the study was the titles of episodes of two modern television series, “Supernatural” and “Bob’s Burgers”, which were analyzed from the point of view of their perception by potential recipients. The main methods of research were: translational and comparative, contextological, elements of quantitative analysis. In the process of analysis, we singled out the following categories to which the links and references present in both projects can be attributed: 1) in-universe (the name of the episode is based on a character, plot, place or situation in the series itself); 2) references to a book, film, TV show or musical composition; 3) references to religious texts, use of fixed expressions, idioms, proverbs, etc.; 4) the use of fixed expressions, idioms, proverbs, etc.; 5) references to everyday, historical, geographical realities and personalities. The results of the analysis show that the translation of headline texts from English into Ukrainian is influenced by the addressee factor. The specifics of the addressability of the studied texts means taking into account the social and psychological characteristics of the intended recipient.
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