This paper aims to study a microclimate model for predicting the role of façade materials to the Canopy Layer Heat Island. ENVI-met was selected to model the microclimate of four street canyons in Yogyakarta, which vary in façade materials, street orientation, and land cover. Three to four-day field measurements in each canyon were intended to obtain microclimate data at pedestrian level, wind speed and orientation at the boundary layer for simulation input and validation. The validation study confirms the accuracy of ENVI-met simulations in predicting air temperature and relative humidity when the initial wind speed at the boundary layer is > 1.5 m/s. These input data affected on the simulation results. However, the "comparison" feature offers a facility to analyze the modification in the air temperature and mean radiant temperature in the street canyon due to higher thermal transmittance and higher surface albedo façade materials. The results show that street orientation, big trees along the street and sky view factor significantly affect the pattern of air temperature modified by the increasing thermal transmittance and albedo of the façades.
This study presents a combination technique of thermal infrared images captured by infrared camera and satellite thermal images retrieved from Landsat-8 OLI TIRS to identify the contribution of vertical and horizontal surface materials in two hot-humid street canyons with similar sky view factor and street orientation. The infrared camera captures surface temperature images of vertical and inclined surfaces of the street canyons. The images at horizontal scale are derived based on six land cover indices – i.e., Land Surface Temperature (LST), surface albedo, thermal emissivity, Normalized Different Vegetation Index (NDVI), Normalized Different Built Area Index (NDBI), Normalized Different Water Index (NDWI) – using an image processing technique conducted in ArcGIS. This study used two micro weather stations to measure microclimate conditions depicting the Canopy Layer Heat Island (CLHI) of the canyons at the same time. Despite the capability of the combined technique to identify the contribution of surface materials to the LST, different radiative and thermal properties of the surface materials insignificantly modified the CLHI.
ABSTRAK. Desain masjid agung Jawa Tengah untuk Indonesia merupakan hasil dari lomba tingkat Nasional dan telah terpilih menjadi juara 3. Ide pembangunan masjid agung Jawa Tengah ini berawal dari visi Jawa Tengah dalam “menuju Jawa Tengah sejahtera dan berdikari” dengan salah satu misinya yaitu “membangun masyarakat Jawa Tengah yang religius, toleran dan guyup untuk menjaga Negara Kesatuan Republik Indonesia”. Dalam tulisan ini studi literature, observasi lapangan, dan wawancara dilakukan untuk mendapatkan data-data awal dengan pendekatan kualitatif. Selanjutnya, hasil desain masjid agung Jawa Tengah diperoleh dan telah dipaparkan dalam tulisan ini. Masjid agung Jawa Tengah diharapkan mampu menunjang kebutuhan masyarakat dan merepresentasikan kondisi masyarakat Jawa Tengah yang berkarakter toleran dan multikultural.Kata kunci: Desain arsitektur, Indonesia, Jawa Tengah, Masjid agungABSTRACT. The great mosque of Central Java designed for Indonesia resulted from a national-level competition and has been selected as the 3rd place winner. Development ideas of the great mosque of Central Java originated from the vision of Central Java "towards a prosperous and independent Central Java" with one of its missions, namely "build a religious, tolerant and harmonious society in Central Java to protect the Unitary State of the Republic of Indonesia." This paper used literature studies, field observations, and interviews to obtain initial data with a qualitative approach. Furthermore, the results of the Great Mosque of Central Java design are accepted and have been described in this paper. The great mosque of Central Java is expected to be able to support community needs. It represents the condition of the people of Central Java with a tolerant character and multicultural.Keywords: Architectural Design, Central Java, Great Mosque, Indonesia
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