Porous
crystalline materials such as covalent organic frameworks
and metal–organic frameworks have garnered considerable attention
as promising ion conducting media. However, most of them additionally
incorporate lithium salts and/or solvents inside the pores of frameworks,
thus failing to realize solid-state single lithium-ion conduction
behavior. Herein, we demonstrate a lithium sulfonated covalent organic
framework (denoted as TpPa-SO
3
Li) as a new class of solvent-free, single lithium-ion
conductors. Benefiting from well-designed directional ion channels,
a high number density of lithium-ions, and covalently tethered anion
groups, TpPa-SO
3
Li exhibits an ionic conductivity of 2.7 × 10–5 S cm–1 with a lithium-ion transference number
of 0.9 at room temperature and an activation energy of 0.18 eV without
additionally incorporating lithium salts and organic solvents. Such
unusual ion transport phenomena of TpPa-SO
3
Li allow reversible and stable lithium
plating/stripping on lithium metal electrodes, demonstrating its potential
use for lithium metal electrodes.
This review describes the current status and challenges of polymeric single lithium-ion conductors for all-solid-state lithium ion and metal batteries.
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