No abstract

Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus (AcNPV) was used as an expression vector for human beta interferon. By using specially constructed plasmids, the protein-coding sequences for interferon were linked to the AcNPV promoter for the gene encoding for polyhedrin, the major occlusion protein. The interferon gene was inserted at various locations relative to the AcNPV polyhedrin transcriptional and translational signals, and the interferon-polyhedrin hybrid genes were transferred to infectious AcNPV expression vectors. Biologically active interferon was produced, and greater than 95% was secreted from infected insect cells. A maximum of ca. 5 X 10(6) U of interferon activity was produced by 10(6) infected cells. These results demonstrate that AcNPV should be suitable for use as a eucaryotic expression vector for the production of products from cloned genes.

No abstract

Oldfield Thomas, ' A Milk Dentit,ion in Orj/ctei*opus,' Proceedings of the lCoyal Society, vol. xlvii. (1890) p. 248. 39" * Cope, ' Origin of the Fittest,' lS'i8, p. 342. t G. Pouchot, ' MQmoirc sur l'Encc$)halo des $dent&,' Journal de 1'Anatomie et do la Physiologie, tome v. 1868 $ Paul Gcrvais, ' Ndmoires sur les Formcs cdrdbralcs propres aux &dent& vivants et fossilcs,' Nouve&, 110. 6, and tome vi. 1869, nos. 1, 2, 3, & 4. *irchivcs d u Blusium d'IIistoirc naturclle do I'aris, tomo v. (1869).* This brain is apparently the second brain of Bnxiypzcs which is refurrod t o ill Professor Max Webcr's memoir,

Significance: High-density diffuse optical tomography (HD-DOT) has been shown to approach the resolution and localization accuracy of blood oxygen level dependent-functional magnetic resonance imaging in the adult brain by exploiting densely spaced, overlapping samples of the probed tissue volume, but the technique has to date required large and cumbersome optical fiber arrays. Aim : To evaluate a wearable HD-DOT system that provides a comparable sampling density to large, fiber-based HD-DOT systems, but with vastly improved ergonomics. Approach : We investigated the performance of this system by replicating a series of classic visual stimulation paradigms, carried out in one highly sampled participant during 15 sessions to assess imaging performance and repeatability. Results : Hemodynamic response functions and cortical activation maps replicate the results obtained with larger fiber-based systems. Our results demonstrate focal activations in both oxyhemoglobin and deoxyhemoglobin with a high degree of repeatability observed across all sessions. A comparison with a simulated low-density array explicitly demonstrates the improvements in spatial localization, resolution, repeatability, and image contrast that can be obtained with this high-density technology. Conclusions : The system offers the possibility for minimally constrained, spatially resolved functional imaging of the human brain in almost any environment and holds particular promise in enabling neuroscience applications outside of the laboratory setting. It also opens up new opportunities to investigate populations unsuited to traditional imaging technologies.