Background: Menstruation has always been surrounded by different perceptions throughout the world. Nowadays, there is some openness toward menstruation, but differences in attitude still persist between different populations depending upon the education, socioeconomic status and the surroundings. We conducted this study to assess the knowledge regarding menstruation, their attitudes and the practises undertaken by the young girls of India .A prewritten questionnaire was distributed to these girls and the answers were analysed. Methods: A school based cross-sectional study design was employed in Aurangabad, Maharashtra. A multi stage sampling technique was used to select 1000 female high school and junior college and pharmacy college students. Data collection was carried out from May 2018 to August 2018 using a pre-tested structured questionnaire. The data were entered into a computer using Epi-info version 3.5.1 and then exported to SPSS for Windows version 20.0 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done at 95 % confidence interval. Results: In this study 682and 552 respondents had good knowledge and practice of menstruation respectively. The findings of the study showed a significant positive association between good knowledge of menstruation and educational status of mothers (AOR = 1.51, 95% CI = 1.02-2.22), (AOR = 2.42, 95% CI:1.64-3.56). Educational status of the mother (AOR = 2.03, 95 % CI =1.38-2.97), revealed significant positive association with good practice and attitude of menstrual process. Conclusions: The findings showed that the knowledge and practice of menstruation is low. Hence awareness programmed should be conducted in schools regularly. Participation of mothers can also add to the knowledge and good practice scores of the young girls.
Background: Domestic violence is a global issue. It has a serious impact on woman’s health and well-being. So the present study was carried out to study domestic violence against married women in the field practice area of urban health training centre (UHTC). The objective of the study was to find out the magnitude of domestic violence in married women in last one year and to find out the type of violence to which females are subjected and factors associated with it. Methods: The present community based cross-sectional study was carried out in married women residing in catchment area of UHTC. Sample size was first estimated with help of epi info, which came out to be 275 by considering 23.6% as the prevalence of domestic violence from NFHS-4. 282 women of age 15-49 years were finally included in study who was interviewed by predesigned pretested questionnaire by female investigator. The questions were asked related to ‘do they suffer from domestic violence, type of domestic violence and from whom they suffer such type of violence.’ Results: The prevalence of married women experiencing domestic violence in last one year in the field practice area of UHTC is 21.63%, of which 57.71% and 50% experienced physical and psychological violence by partner respectively. Also the study revealed that education and occupation of couple plays an important role in domestic violence. Conclusions: Domestic violence represents the hidden iceberg in the society and hence more community awareness about domestic violence is needed.
Background: Government of India has launched "Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram" on 1st July 2011, to assure free and cashless services (including free transport) to all pregnant women and sick neonates accessing public health institutions. The objective of the study was to find out level of awareness regarding JSSK entitlement in pregnant women and to examine the association between different socio-demographic factors and awareness level. Methods: This was a cross sectional study was conducted in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology. Govt. Medical College and Hospital, Aurangabad involving 1000 pregnant women attending antenatal clinic between September 2015 to March 2016. Questionnaire was given to assess the awareness about JSSK entitlements and if it was known to them, then the source of information was noted. Information regarding socio-demographic characteristics was noted. The study subject was considered as aware of the scheme, if she had heard about the scheme and had knowledge about certain key points of the scheme. One point each was given to all the correctly answered questions and mean was calculated. Subjects whose correctly answered questions were more than the mean value were considered to have good awareness level. Analysis was done using SPSS version 20. Chi-square test for association between awareness level and different socio-demographic factors. Significance level was considered at p value <0.05. Results: Among 1000 antenatal women, good awareness level regarding JSSK entitlements was seen in only 472 (47.2%) study subjects. Maximum awareness regarding JSSK entitlements was noted to be for Free vaginal delivery in 869 (86.90%) followed by free drugs and consumables to mother (73.4%) and free treatment for sick infants 662 (66.2%) and least awareness was noted for free drop back of sick infant from health facility to home (9%) and free caesarean section (9.6%). Not even a single woman answered all the 17 entitlements correctly. Only 13 (1.3%) women were able to answer 16 questions correctly. Advancing age, increasing level of education, member of nuclear family, increasing number of conception (gravidity) and advanced gestational age are significantly associated with the level of awareness. However, religion, socioeconomic status and occupation did not have any statistical significant association with the level of awareness regarding various entitlements of JSSK in antenatal women. Regarding the source of information, the most common source of information was from health personnel, followed by friends and family. None of the women reported that Radio, TV, Newspaper had contributed as a source of information. Conclusions: Awareness level of JSSK entitlements in the pregnant women in our study is low. Maximum awareness was noticed for the provision of free vaginal delivery whereas awareness for provisions like free caesarean section, free drop back facility to home, free provision of blood is very low. Further efforts are needed to increase the overall awareness of various entitlements o...
Background: The objective of the study was to study the association between thyroid hormone status with preeclampsia and correlate it with severity of pre-eclampsia. Methods: In this case control study, 200 women attending tertiary care hospital between the study period September 2012 to August 2014 were recruited in the study in which 100 women were cases (diagnosed as preeclampsia) and 100 were taken as control (healthy normotensive women). Assessment of thyroid status of cases and control was done. Association was studied between thyroid hormone status and pre-eclampsia and co-related with severity of preeclampsia. Results: There was a significant association between pre-eclampsia and thyroid hypofunction (overt and sub clinical hypothyroidism) with P-value being 0.0406. Odds-ratio indicates that preeclampsia group have chance of higher TSH (>4.8 mIU/L) by 2.19 times. (95% confidence intervals= 1.0223-4.6934). The association between severity of preeclampsia and thyroid hypofunction (subclinical and overt hypothyroidism) was found to be statistically significant (p= 0.02717). Odds ratio indicates that severe preeclampsia group have 2.87 times more chance of thyroid hypofunction. Conclusions: In the present study a positive association was found between thyroid hypofunction and pre-eclampsia and it was found to be statistically significant. With regards to the results of the present study, "the measurement of serum levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH" can be suggested as a criterion for prediction of pre-eclampsia.
Background: Young children are often at increased risk for illness and death related to infectious diseases, and vaccine delays may leave them vulnerable at ages with a high risk of contracting several vaccine-preventable diseases This study examined delay for each pentavalent vaccine in the universal immunization programme and the factors that influence untimely vaccinations.Methods: This was a hospital based cross sectional study done on 45 days to-12 months aged children attending the immunisation clinic held at government medical college and hospital Aurangabad, Maharashtra. Data was collected from the records on health card as well from mother with the help of pretested pre-structured questionnaire for predictors of delay.Results: Total 411 children aging 45 days to 12 months were enrolled in the study. For pentavalent 1 vaccine, 83.69% received vaccine without delay and 16.31% were delayed. 43.53% were delayed for pentavalent 2 vaccine, 224 children received pentavalent 3 vaccine, out of them 80.35% received within time whereas 19.65% were delayed. We found birth order, parent’s education, working status of mother, mother’s age below 18; parity had statistically significant association with delay. Unawareness about the right timings of vaccination and immunization schedules held at periphery, parents delaying vaccine for minor sickness of baby, were the main reasons observed for delay.Conclusions: A total 83.69% children received vaccine within the recommended time. Still 16.31% children experience delay for the vaccination. Reasons for delay observed can be overcome by appropriate counselling of mother by health care workers at the first time of vaccination which will improve the adherence and avoid delay in future to immunisation schedule.
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