Maternal thyroid hormone status in pre-eclampsia: a tertiary care hospital based study

Abstract

Background: The objective of the study was to study the association between thyroid hormone status with preeclampsia and correlate it with severity of pre-eclampsia. Methods: In this case control study, 200 women attending tertiary care hospital between the study period September 2012 to August 2014 were recruited in the study in which 100 women were cases (diagnosed as preeclampsia) and 100 were taken as control (healthy normotensive women). Assessment of thyroid status of cases and control was done. Association was studied between thyroid hormone status and pre-eclampsia and co-related with severity of preeclampsia. Results: There was a significant association between pre-eclampsia and thyroid hypofunction (overt and sub clinical hypothyroidism) with P-value being 0.0406. Odds-ratio indicates that preeclampsia group have chance of higher TSH (>4.8 mIU/L) by 2.19 times. (95% confidence intervals= 1.0223-4.6934). The association between severity of preeclampsia and thyroid hypofunction (subclinical and overt hypothyroidism) was found to be statistically significant (p= 0.02717). Odds ratio indicates that severe preeclampsia group have 2.87 times more chance of thyroid hypofunction. Conclusions: In the present study a positive association was found between thyroid hypofunction and pre-eclampsia and it was found to be statistically significant. With regards to the results of the present study, "the measurement of serum levels of FT3, FT4 and TSH" can be suggested as a criterion for prediction of pre-eclampsia.

Hypothyroidism as a bio marker of preeclampsia: Our experience

“…Age, parity and BMI were comparable in both groups of women. Similar observations were reported by others [2,8] . Casey et al [10] observed hypothyroid women to be older and U Nayki et al [14] .…”

“…Prevalence of hypothyroidism in our study is 38%. Prevalence reported by Deshpande S et al [8] is 17.5%. The prevalence of 2.2% is reported by others [9,10] .…”

Thyroid dysfunction in preeclampsia and related fetomaternal outcomes

“…10 Deshpande S et al, also found that there was a significant association between preeclampsia and thyroid hypofunction (p= .0406). 11 However, contrary to this, thyroid function changes were not found in preeclamptic patients in the study of Khadem M et al 12 In the present study, majority of the patients i.e 57.1% of the preeclamptic patients with thyroid dysfunction and 62.3% of euthyroid preeclampsia patients were in the age group of 26 to 35 years. Nulliparity accounted for 45.2% of the preeclamptic women with thyroid dysfunction and 45.3% of the euthyroid ones.…”

“…10 Despande S et al, also reported that severe preeclampsia patients had 2.87 times more chances of thyroid hypofunction. 11 Wilson KL et al, reported that women with subclinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy have an increased risk of severe preeclampsia when compared with euthyroid women. 14 In contrast, Sheela SR et al, reported that changes in the thyroid hormones did not correlate with the severity of preeclampsia.…”

The effect of comorbidities of preeclampsia and eclampsia on maternal and fetal outcome

“…6 Deshpande et al carried out a study which shows significant association between preeclampsia and thyroid hypo function, with p value being 0.0406. 7 In our study 16 (4.2%) cases were associated with diabetes mellitus (Table 2) and 2 cases of overt diabetes mellitus patients had mild anemia. Ganesh et al in their study said that the likelihood of preeclampsia nearly increases by 8.7 (OR=8.7) times if diabetes is present before pregnancy.…”