Odontomas have been extensively reported in the dental literature, and the term refers to tumors of odontogenic origin. Though the exact etiology is still unknown, the postulated causes include: local trauma, infection, inheritance and genetic mutation. The majority of the lesions are asymptomatic; however, may be accompanied with pain and swelling as secondary complaints in some cases. Here, we report a case of a compound odontome in a 14 year old patient.
Cysticercosis is a parasitic infestation caused by the larval stage of Taenia solium, a cestodic paratise. It is a common disease in developing countries where it is also endemic. The most commonly infested body organs include subcutaneous tissues, brain and skeletal muscles. It is interesting to note that oral lesion of cysticercosis is a rare event. Here we report an isolated lesion of cysticercosis in the masseter muscle.
Familial progressive hyperpigmentation (FPH) is a rare genodermatosis characterized by hyperpigmented patches in the skin and mucous membranes, present in early infancy, and increase in size and number with age. The genetic basis for FPH remains unknown. We report an unusual case of familial progressive hypermelanosis in a 17-year-old male patient with family history, who presented with a peculiar progressive oral pigmentation disorder. Diagnosis was confirmed by a series of hematological, biochemical, and histopathological investigations. Our paper stresses the need for the dentist to be aware of the systemic conditions that can also manifest in the oral cavity.
Dens invaginatus (dens in dente) is a rare malformation with a widely varied morphology. An unusual presentation of a type III dens invaginatus affecting a conical shaped permanent lateral incisor in an 8-year-old female patient is reported. The presence of a pulp stone and a periapical radiolucency further added onto the complexity of the case. The etiology, pathophysiology, association with other dental anomalies as well as the challenges in management of this anomaly are discussed. An extensive literature review is also presented.
Developmental anomalies can occur as a result of conjoining or twinning defects. These include fusion, gemination and concrescence. Such anomalies occur more often in the deciduous than in the permanent dentition and only a few cases involving molar and premolar teeth have been reported in the literature. Cases of bilateral double teeth are less frequent than unilateral and prevalence seems to be higher in the anterior region. The present article is a rare case report of simultaneous occurrence of double teeth in permanent dentition involving the mandibular premolar-molar teeth in a 45-year-old male patient. Clinical observation along with radiographic examination was used to arrive at a diagnosis.
Xerostomia, also known as dry mouth, is a subjective sensation arising due to the reduced salivary flow. The dry mouth interferes with normal oral functions such as swallowing, chewing and speech. An increase in the incidence of dental caries and oral infections that may impact the oral health is also seen. The aetiology of dry mouth may be due to systemic diseases, drugs or by radiation to the head and neck, the causes hence being multifactorial. The prevalence of dry mouth is commonly seen in nearly half of the elderly population and one fifth of the younger individuals. Salivary substitutes are used to manage xerostomia. However, for long- standing xerostomia, a lot of potential systemic therapies exist. Oral health care providers are now making significant contributions to the diagnosis and are aware of the latest trends in the management of xerostomia. This review aimed to illustrate the current trends in the management of xerostomia.
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