The purposes of the work to study the fatty acid methyl ester production by transesterification of Jatropha curcus oil with different catalysts where methanol was used as solvent. Jatropha oil having high free fatty acids FFA (14.02%) was processed in two steps. First step is acidcatalyzed esterification by using 1% H 2 SO 4 , 40% methanol-to-oil to produce methyl esters by lowering the acid value, and next step is different base-catalyzed transesterification. As part of ongoing efforts to investigate different homogeneous, heterogeneous and solid acid catalysts for biodiesel synthesis, the catalytic activity of KOH, NaOH, Ca(OH) 2 , activated Ca(OH) 2 , Hß zeolite and montmorillonite were studied for the transesterification of Jatropha oil. Among these catalysts, performance of catalysts order are KOH > NaOH > activated Ca(OH) 2 >Ca(OH) 2 > montmorillonite> Hß zeolite.
Studies were carried out to produce potential biodiesel from non-edible oil of Jatropha curcus. Due to its high free fatty acid (12% FFA), the crude Jatropha oil was processed in two steps: the acid-catalyzed esterification and followed by the base-catalyzed transesterification. The first step reduced the FFA level to less than 1% in 1h at 50°C for the 0.40 w/w methanol-to-oil ratio with 1% w/w of H2SO4. After the reaction, the mixture was stagnated for an hour and the methanol-water upper layer was discarded. The second step converted the product of the first step into biodiesel and glycerol through transesterification using 0.20 w/w methanol-to-oil and 0.5% w/w NaOH to oil as alkaline catalyst at 65°C. The maximum yield of biodiesel (organic phase of upper layer) and fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) yield were achieved at about 95% and 84% within 1 hour respectively. The glycerol concentration in the byproduct (glycerol layer) obtained after dual step transesterification was found 32%. Key words: Jatropha curcus, Biodiesel, Esterification, Glycerol and Fatty acid DOI: 10.3329/bjsir.v44i3.4409 Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 44(3), 347-352, 2009
This study was aimed for the investigation of the effect of pretreatment procedure of alkaline, based on the chemical arrangement, surface morphology, structural composition and enzymatic assimilation of sugarcane bagasse for sugars and ethanol production. Alkali pretreatment (0 to 8% w/v of NaOH) assists to reduce the lignin portion (from 19.57±0.03% to 9.91±0.02%) and increase the cellulose content of the treated SB (from 34.66±0.05% to 63.58±0.05%) simultaneously. The optimal conditions for alkali pretreatment were 8% NaOH charge at 100oC for 90 min. Enzymatic digestibility of alkali treated SB was significantly improved and hydrolysis yield reached to 89.59% glucose and 61.23% xylose at an prime level using Trichoderma viridae. Further hydrolysate of 8% (w/v) alkali treated SB sample was fermented by Saccharomyces cerevisiae to convert sugar into ethanol and yield was 16.81±0.32% in 24 h. Alkali pretreatment was found to be a treatment of choice for cellulose hydrolysis in SB and subsequent sugar acquired for the production of ethanol during fermentation.
Bangladesh J. Sci. Ind. Res. 58(2), 89-98, 2023
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