The political changes that affected the European area in the second half of the 20th century conditioned the development of European countries on the principle of Euroregions, as interesting creations of neighboring countries. Formed along the political borders of neighboring countries, Euroregions today play a significant role in the enlargement process of the European Union. At the end of the 20th century, the formation of Euroregions covered the area of the Western Balkans as well. In Podrinje, the border area of Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina, the formed Euroregions have the goal of reviving and revitalizing rural areas. Tourism, as the most important economic activity, is integrated into the basis of the rural development of these areas. The subject of the research is related to the analysis of the development degree of border rural areas, under the influence of tourism. The research problem is focused on the rural areas of ?Serbian? Podrinje. Accordingly, the aim of this paper is to determine the change and burden of rural border area due to the development of tourism, using the indicator of tourist operation (I.T.O.) and the tourist function indices to measure the degree of the development of a destination. The results of the research indicate that three types of tourist destinations have been developed in the studied area: destinations with almost non-existent tourist activity (< 4), with small-scale tourist activity (4- 10), and developed and eminently tourist destinations (40-100). The obtained results indicate that 83.3% of the destinations in "Serbian" Podrinje are destinations with almost non-existent tourist activity. These are the destinations where the development of tourism does not affect the transformation of space, but the original and preserved environment is promoted as a tourist attraction.
Spatial assessment of soil erosion is an important indicator of ecological soil change and global environmental changes. This is especially true for countries with rich forest cover such as Bosnia and Herzegovina. In this study, the risk of soil erosion was assessed using the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) model and the impact of changes in the forest ecosystem, current conditions were compared with possible future forest management scenarios, and measures and solutions were proposed to reduce soil erodibility in vulnerable areas of the Pale Municipality in Bosnia and Herzegovina. The studied area is at increased risk of soil erosion due to natural conditions (mountain relief, climate change, and the frequency of extreme climatic events—drought and heavy rains, which occur more and more frequently in a short period of time) and due to anthropogenic factors, such as large-scale deforestation and conversion of mountain areas for tourism purposes, tracing and construction of ski slopes and ski resorts in general, and expansion of settlements. All this leads to threats to water conservation areas, landslides, floods, forest fires, and additional reduction of forest areas due to drying of forests and expansion of settlements. GIS as a tool provides us with a quick and accurate way to find possible solutions to problems resulting from the intensive use and inadequate monitoring. In this study, we have tried to offer possible solutions and show the benefits that can be obtained by varying the factors that affect soil erodibility and depend on vegetation cover, that is, land use (C-factor). This study presents the application of RUSLE methods in combination with GIS for the purpose of planning economic activities, such as winter tourism development in the community of Pale. An increase in soil loss due to inappropriate land use was found, with the average annual soil loss due to deforestation in the ski area increasing to 909.43 t ha−1 year−1.
Tourism is one of the most impacted sectors of the economy caused by the COVID-19 pandemic consequences. The transformation of the tourism industry has conditioned new tourism trends and influenced the development of nature-based tourism. The research of the tourism market shows changes in consumer behaviour and motives of tourism movements. The meeting with the destination value chain where they travel is extremely important for modern tourists. The destination as a ʻvalue chainʼ consists of related activities making it recognizable and more competitive in the tourism market. The value chain assessment is an indicator of tourists’ satisfaction degree with the provided and used service, i.e. the tourism destination ʻfinalʼ product. The application of information technologies has a key role in the tourists’ assessment of the value chain and the destination selection. The future tourism research will be based on the application of BD, BD analytics and business analytics.
The research in this paper refers to the definition and scientific explanation of relevant indicators (indicators and sub-indicators) that effect on the development of geoheritage (Petnička cave, gorge of the river Gradac and Trešnjica, and Taor springs) and their placement on the tourism market. By applying the GAM model, it has been proven that geoheritage in this part of Serbia represents a very significant tourism potential, which must not be neglected, and even more underestimated. The results of the research showed that the Petnička cave represents the greatest tourism potential Z32, while the Taor springs have the lowest tourism value Z22. In the future, geoheritage sites need bigger promotion, infrastructure construction and the creation of their own tourism brand.
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