Stability of Ethanol in Blood and Urine SamplesThe changes of ethanol concentrations in whole blood and urine samples were analyzed depending on temperatures and duration of storage. The aim of the study was to establish standards for the Institute laboratory. Samples of whole blood and urine, taken from drivers with excessive alcohol concentrations (6 groups, 15 samples per each), were analyzed upon delivery and then after storage during different time intervals and at different temperatures. The results showed that alcohol concentrations were significantly reduced with the increase of temperature and prolongation of storage. Only the whole blood samples stored for up to one month at -20 °C did not show significant changes. Room temperature storage of samples is the least suitable way of keeping them, independently of the duration of storage. Urines are not less reliable samples than blood. There are no ethanol differences between blood samples with and without sodium fluoride.
Ischemic brain disease (IBD) represents clinical entity participating with almost 80% in all vascular brain diseases. Ethiopatogenesis and pathophysiology of the ischemic brain disease are apparently most complex in human medicine. In addition to the significant progression in understanding of ethiopatogenesis and pathophysiology of the ischemic brain disease, we are currently aware of the fact that in one third of these patients the source--the disorder or the disease of crucial importance for this sequence of events in the opposing direction cannot be diagnosed with certainty. This case report presents a 32-year-old patient with the verified ischemic lesion of brain parenchyma, in whom the lowered concentrations of protein S were registered by comprehensive clinical and biochemical examinations. The lower concentrations of protein S are a significant co-factor of anticoagulant system, in the absence of other significant diseases, disorders or abnormalities which could ethiopatogenetically be significant for IBD.
Our patient with polytrauma developed a mild hemorrhagic syndrome due to the presence of FV inhibitors five weeks after the accident. Hemorrhage was treated with substitution therapy. The cause of the development of FV inhibitors was unclear ("fibrin glue" was not used during the orthopedic treatment). Factor V inhibitors disappeared spontaneously within four weeks. The fast spontaneous disappearance of FV inhibitors in our patient, confirmed the observations of some authors that they disappeared faster in those patients who were surgically treated prior to their appearance.
The aim of this research was to determine the importance of tracking the dynamics of changes of the hemostatic system factors (aggregation of thrombocytes, D-dimer, PAI-1, antithrombin III, protein C and protein S, factor VII and factor VIII, fibrin degradation products, euglobulin test and th activated partial thromboplastin time--aPTPV) in relation to the level of the severity of ischaemic brain disorders (IBD) and the level of neurological and functional deficiency in the beginning of IBD manifestation from 7 to 10 days, 19 to 21 day, and after 3 to 6 months. The research results confirmed significant predictive value of changes of hemostatic system with the predomination of procoagulant factors, together with the insufficiency of fibrinolisys. Concerning the IBD severity and it's outcome, the significant predictive value was shown in the higher levels of PAI-1 and the lower level of antithrombin III, and borderline significant value was shown in the accelerated aggregation of thrombocytes and the increased concentration of D-dimer. It could be concluded that the tracking of the dynamics of changes in parameters of hemostatic system proved to be an easily accessible method with the significant predictive value regarding the development of more severe. IBD cases and the outcome of the disease itself.
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