Introduction Contraception is the most favourable method of family planning. Prevention of unwanted pregnancy has great significance, both as a measure of health preservation and as a wider preventive and social measure. Objective to evaluate how informed the adolescents are when it comes to contraception, as well as to evaluate their personal experiences. Methods the research was conducted in the form of a cross-sectional study. The research instrument was a questionnaire the adolescents were asked to fill, which contained questions constructed to assess how well they were informed about the importance of contraception as well as their personal experiences. The study included 120 students and the sample was intentional, as the study was conducted at the Faculty of Health and Business Studies in Valjevo, Singidunum University in April-May 2019. The participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous, and the research was approved by the authorities of the institution. Results the results were analysed using descriptive statistical methods. The respondents were between 19 and 23 years of age and predominantly female (83%), while only 17% were male. The majority of the respondents were well informed on the subject of mechanical contraception methods and the use of condoms. The condom was the most commonly used method of contraception during sexual intercourse (63%). A large number of respondents (40%) believed that adolescents could do with more information on the subject. Conclusion the research results indicate that there is a need for more education on the subject of the importance and methods of contraception. It is necessary to intensify health education in cooperation with health institutions, schools, higher education institutions and the entire community. This need is felt by the adolescents themselves, who believe that their peers do not know enough about contraception.
Introduction/Objective Severe acute respiratory distress syndrome caused by coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2) is a new respiratory disease -COVID-19. A virus from the Coronaviridae family, highly contagious and virulent took over the world in a very short time causing the 2019/2020 pandemic. We are presenting the case of COVID-19 transmission among family members, patients of various ages, sex, clinical presentation and findings, who have been infected in different ways. Case reports Three patients are described, all with different coronavirus-specific symptomatology. Symptoms ranged from fatigue and loss of appetite with no other, more prominent symptoms in the youngest patient, to fever, high temperature, diarrhoea, muscle ache and chest pain during inspiration in the oldest patient. The third patient's dominant symptoms were dry, non-productive cough, lack of oxygen, shortness of breath and perspiration on exertion, headache and normal temperature, with radiographically confirmed bilateral pneumonia. Laboratory findings (leukopenia, lymphocytopenia with elevated C-reactive protein levels, high erythrocyte sedimentation rate and lactate dehydrogenase levels) were consistent with a viral infection, highly suspicious of SARS-COV-2, which was confirmed with a real-time RT-PCR test in all three patients. After being hospitalized in the Clinical Hospital Center "Zemun" Department of Pulmonology and treated with symptomatic, antiviral and antibiotic therapy, the disease regressed and the RT-PCR tests became negative. Conclusion SARS-COV-2 is a very aggressive and potent cause of the coronavirus disease. The presented cases confirm the possibility of quick transmission within a family through direct and indirect contact, as well as the diversity of symptoms, laboratory and clinical findings. Our clinical examples are similar in symptomatology and available results to cases from other parts of the world hit with the pandemic.
Introduction/Objective. Clarifying cases involving suspicious natural death and all forensic problems connected to such cases is possible only with the aid of a timely and adequately performed autopsy. The objective of this paper, however, is to point out the fact that it is possible to prove the existence of a physician?s error, even when an autopsy had not been performed. Case report. The Emergency Medical Service (EMS) team had been dispatched to respond to a call for help by a 53-year-old woman, complaining of chest pain, shortness of breath, and dizziness. The pain was located in the center of her chest and would increase in response to palpation, change of body position, and deep breathing. The physical examination was normal. The EMS physician concluded that it was not necessary to perform electrocardiography (ECG). Forty minutes later, the EMS team was dispatched to see the same patient again, this time for suspected cardiac arrest. Protocol-based cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) for asystole was performed, without success. After 30 minutes, CPR was discontinued and the patient was declared deceased. Although the patient?s relatives did not allow an autopsy to be performed, they did send a claim to the Health Inspector at the Ministry of Health of Serbia, demanding an internal review of the physician?s professional work. It was concluded that the physician should have performed ECG, but that the true cause of death could only have been determined through a timely and adequately performed autopsy. Conclusion. An unperformed autopsy does not exclude the possibility of proving a physician?s error.
Introduction/Objective: A healthy diet is a basic prerequisite for a healthy child. Numerous studies have proven the importance of breastfeeding, which has many advantages. Breast milk is the best choice of food for a newborn. Healthcare professionals, doctors and nurses, play a key role in shaping a mother's attitude towards breastfeeding, as well as helping her overcome barriers to successful breastfeeding. To examine the level of knowledge mothers have about the importance of proper nutrition and breastfeeding of a newborn and to evaluate any obstacles to successful breastfeeding. Methods: The first part of the research is designed as a cross-sectional study. As a research instrument, a questionnaire was constructed to assess the mothers' level of knowledge about the importance of breastfeeding. In the second part of the research, a telephone survey was conducted after the mothers and babies were discharged from the hospital, and the mothers were asked questions about any obstacles they may have encountered to successful breastfeeding. The study included a sample of 47 women. The study was conducted in the Valjevo General Hospital from June to August 2018. Participation in the study was voluntary and anonymous and the research was approved by the Ethics Committee of the institution. Results: Descriptive statistic methods were used to analyse the results. Respondents ranged in age from 21 to 40, the largest number of women were between 21 and 25 years old (57%), 88% of children received a grade 9 at birth, 10% of the respondents attended parenting school, 78% of the women started breastfeeding the very next day after delivery and most believed that they had been successfully trained to breastfeed in the maternity ward. Seven days after discharge from the hospital, 7% of women did not breastfeed and the most common obstacles to successful breastfeeding were cracked nipples (35%). Conclusion: The results of the research indicate the need for a greater degree of education of future mothers about the importance of breastfeeding and proper breastfeeding techniques. It is necessary to carry out health education work at all levels of health care to minimize obstacles to natural nutrition
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