The study determines the structure and strategy of livelihood and household welfare of crab fishermen after the revitalization of Kendari Bay. Determination of the research area is done purposively. The population and sample in this study were fishermen who persisted in using Kendari Bay as a location for catching crabs after the sedimentation and reclamation of Kendari Bay to meet family needs. The data analysis used is qualitative analysis to determine the strategy and structure of fishermen’s livelihood and quantitative research to assess household welfare by calculating fishermen’s income which will be compared with the regional minimum wage. The results showed that the livelihood structure of crab fishermen consisted of on-farm (fishery sector) as mud crab fishermen and non-farm (non-fishery sector) as construction workers, company workers, and the wages for ship work that were carried out erratically every month. The crab fisherman’s livelihood strategy is a double income pattern where the fisherman and his wife work in the non-fishery sector to meet their household needs and migrate by mobility or moving to other areas outside the Kendari Bay coast. The income of crab fishermen from catching crabs in Kendari Bay (fishery sector) is IDR2.379.859 and working in the non-fishery sector is IDR1.319.375. Hence, the total household income of crab fishermen is IDR3.699.234, higher than the minimum wage of Kendari City in 2022, IDR2.823.315, so the crab fishing households are still categorized as prosperous.
Farmer's motivation is essential for developing livestock farming businesses, especially theBali cattle business in Sub-district Parigi, Muna Regency. This study aimed to determine themaintenance system and motivation for raising Bali cattle in Sub-district Parigi, MunaRegency. The course's location was determined intentionally (purposive sampling) that isSub-district Parigi based on the consideration that it had the highest population of Bali cattleamong the other sub-districts in Muna, which was 6,338 individuals. The determination ofbreeders as respondents was carried out randomly in Parigi, Warambe, Kolasa, andWasolangka. Each village was taken as many as 15 respondents, so that a total of 60 people.This study's variables were livestock raising systems, breeding motivation, includingeconomic stimulus, social status motivation, environmental motivation, and productionmotivation. The results showed that the raising system of Bali cattle in Sub-district Parigi wascommonly conducted by using traditional or extensive (46.7%) methods. The highestmotivation for raising Bali cattle in Parigi District was economic motivation (70%), whileother reasons such as environment, production, and social status were medium and lowmotivation categories.
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