Abstract-HIV/AIDS case in housewives increases over times in Indonesia, but no serious attention is paid to it. This exploratory qualitative research aimed to find out supporting and inhibiting factors in structured peer network model among housewives in coping with HIV/AIDS in Surakarta Indonesia. Data collection was conducted using observation, in-depth interview, Focus Group Discussion, and documentation study techniques. Technique of analyzing data used was an interactive model of analysis. The result of research showed that the reaching strategy using structured peer network started from Ambassador establishing Second Layer, reaching housewives living around, and then in other areas. The local government supported it in the form of licensing and infrastructure, while AIDS Coping Commission of Surakarta city did it by planning and preparing program, selecting prospect ambassador, initial training, reinforcement training, supervision, communication and coordination between stakeholders, and evaluation. The constraints included the difficulty of establishing second layer, reaching individual, peer environment, less optimal communication and coordination, less prepared management of program, so that the role of education was simplified.
<h1>Abstract : The existence of forest in Indonesia nowadays could be identified as under critical condition. It was not only caused by illegal logging phenomenon, but also the habit of forest village community which implicitly gives contribution towards the decay of forest ecosystem. This research used qualitative-descriptive method with approach case studies. The change that occurred in Kaligunting Village could be identified as two aspect, including physical aspect and non-physical aspect. Related to physical aspect, cultivating pattern that turned to 3m x 3m impacted on forest sustainability and level of society participation in tumpangsari. Whereas, non-physical aspect change, including social change, economics change, and cultural change. Social change could be seen by the emergence of LMDH Sumber Tani which made level of participation, interaction and social distance, and social network increased. Economic change is visible through the emergence of business opportunity such as cassava flour which became main product of the village, up to the existence of production sharing form Perum Perhutani. Then, in the cultural aspect, the change is occurred in cultivation and harvesting ritual.</h1><h1><strong style="font-size: 10px;">Keyword : </strong><span style="font-size: 10px;">Social change, forest management, Forestry Departmen, PHBM, civil institutions</span></h1><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong><strong> </strong>: Keberadaan hutan di Indonesia saat ini dapat diidentifikasi karena berada dalam kondisi kritis. Bukan hanya disebabkan oleh fenomena illegal logging, tetapi juga kebiasaan masyarakat desa hutan yang secara implisit memberikan kontribusi terhadap kerusakan ekosistem hutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Perubahan yang terjadi di Desa Kaligunting dapat diidentifikasi sebagai dua aspek, termasuk aspek fisik dan non-fisik. Terkait dengan aspek fisik, pola budidaya yang berubah menjadi 3m x 3m berdampak pada kelestarian hutan dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam tumpangsari. Sedangkan, aspek non fisik berubah, termasuk perubahan sosial, perubahan ekonomi, dan perubahan budaya. Perubahan sosial dapat dilihat dengan munculnya LMDH Sumber Tani yang membuat tingkat partisipasi, interaksi dan jarak sosial, dan jejaring sosial meningkat. Perubahan ekonomi terlihat melalui munculnya peluang bisnis seperti tepung ubi kayu yang menjadi produk utama desa, hingga adanya bentuk bagi hasil Perum Perhutani. Kemudian, dalam aspek budaya, perubahan itu terjadi dalam ritual kultivasi dan panen.</p><p><br /> <strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: Perubahan sosial, pengelolaan hutan, Departemen Kehutanan, PHBM, lembaga sipil</p>
<p><strong>Abstract </strong>: This research was taken place in Taru Jurug Wildlife Park Surakarta. This research aims to determine the pattern of waste management in TSTJ before and after environmentally sound waste management also determine the supporting and inhibiting factors, as well as the benefits of environmentally sound waste management in Taru Jurug Wildlife Park Surakarta. The theory in this research is structural functionalism theory by Talcott Parsons and social action theory by Max Weber. The type of this research is descriptive qualitative with case study approach. Data were taken with structured interview techniques, observation, and documentation. Samples were taken using purposive sampling technique. To validate the data, source triangulation was used, while the data analysis was done using an interactive model. From the result of the research, it is concluded that the beginning of waste management in Taru Jurug Wildlife Park with three stages, storage, shelter, and transportation. Then it is done with four stages, sorting, management with 3R implementation (Reuse, Reduce, Recycle), distribution, and controlling. The supporting factors are physical and non-physical completeness of hygiene facilities and infrastructure, the existence of cooperation with Environment Department of Surakarta City, type or nature of waste that is easy to process, and adequate Human Resources. While the inhibiting factor is sorting waste activities, Taru Jurug Wildlife Park manager is considered not to give an appreciation, lack of monitoring and evaluation mechanisms, problematics in the management, minimal operational costs, inability to maintain goods, weather, lack of skills and knowledge of waste recycling, and a fleet of carriers. The benefits of environmentally sound waste management are the first non-material form of recognition (having a good name or image), the second the material benefits which means the higher the number of tourists, the higher the amount of Taru Jurug Wildlife Park income, and the last is the general benefit in the form of the realization of the goals and objectives of environmentally sound waste management. </p><p><strong>Keywords</strong>: Tourism, environmentally friendly, trash</p><p><strong>Abstrak </strong>: Penelitian ini mengambil lokasi di TSTJ Surakarta. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pola pengelolaan sampah di TSTJ sebelum dan sesudah pengelolaan sampah berwawasan lingkungan serta untuk mengetahui faktor pendukung dan penghambat, serta manfaat dari pengelolaan sampah berwawasan lingkungan di TSTJ Surakarta. Teori dalam penelitian ini adalah teori fungsionalisme struktural oleh Talcott Parsons dan teori tindakan sosial oleh Max Weber. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Data diambil dengan teknik wawancara terstruktur, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Sampel diambil dengan menggunakan teknik <em>purposive sampling</em>. Untuk menjamin validitas data digunakan triangulasi sumber, sedangkan analisis data yang digunakan adalah model interaktif. Dari hasil penelitian disimpulkan bahwa awal mula pengelolaan sampah di TSTJ dengan tiga tahapan, pewadahan, penampungan, dan pengangkutan. Kemudian dilakukan dengan empat tahapan, pemilahan, pengelolaan dengan penerapan 3R (<em>Reuse, Reduce, Recycle</em>), pendistribusian, dan kontroling. Faktor pendukungnya yaitu adanya kelengkapan fisik dan non-fisik dari sarana dan prasarana kebersihan, adanya kerjasama dengan Dinas Lingkungan Hidup Kota Surakarta, jenis atau sifat sampah yang mudah untuk diolah, dan sumber daya manusia yang memadai. Sedangkan faktor penghambatnya yaitu kegiatan pemilahan sampah, pengelola TSTJ dianggap belum memberikan apresiasi, kurang terlaksananya mekanisme pemantauan dan pengevaluasian, problematika dalam kepengurusan (kaderisasi), minimnya biaya operasional, ketidakmampuan memelihara barang, cuaca, kurangnya kemampuan dan pengetahuan mengenai pendaurulangan sampah, dan armada pengangkut. Manfaat dari pengelolaan sampah berwawasan lingkungan yaitu yang pertama non-material berupa dikenalnya (memiliki nama atau citra baik), yang kedua manfaat material yang berarti semakin tinggi jumlah wisatawan, akan semakin tinggi jumlah pendapatan TSTJ, dan yang terakhir yaitu manfaat secara umum berupa terwujudnya cita-cita dan tujuan dari pengelolaan sampah berwawasan lingkungan.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci</strong>: Pariwisata, ramah lingkungan, sampah</p>
Background:Animal welfare should be prioritized not only for the animal’s life sustainability but also for supporting the sustainability of living organism’s life on the earth. However, Indonesian people have not understood it yet, thereby still treating animals arbitrarily and not appreciating either domesticated or wild animals.Aim:This research aimed to analyze the zoo agent’s action in applying the five freedoms principle for animal welfare in Taman Satwa Taru Jurug (thereafter called TSTJ) or Surakarta Zoo and Gembira Loka Zoo (GLZ) of Yogyakarta Indonesia using Giddens structuration theory.Materials and Methods:The informants in this comparative study with explorative were organizers, visitors, and stakeholders of zoos selected using purposive sampling technique. The informants consisted of 19 persons: 8 from TSTJ (Code T) and 10 from GLZ (Code G) and representatives from Natural Resource Conservation Center of Central Java (Code B). Data were collected through observation, in-depth interview, and Focus Group Discussion and Documentation. Data were analyzed using an interactive model of analysis consisting of three components: Data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Data validation was carried out using method and data source triangulations.Results:Food, nutrition, and nutrition level have been given consistent with the animals’ habit and natural behavior. Animal keepers always maintain their self-cleanliness. GLZ has provided cages according to the technical instruction of constructing ideal cages, but the cages in TSTJ are worrying as they are not consistent with standard, rusty, and damaged, and animals have no partner. Some animals in GLZ are often sick, whereas some animals in TSTJ are dead due to poor maintenance. The iron pillars of cages restrict animal behavior in TSTJ so that they have not had freedom to behave normally yet, whereas, in GLZ, they can move freely in original habitat. The animals in the two zoos have not been free from disruption, stress, and pressure due to the passing over vehicles.Conclusion:There should be strategic communication, information, and education, community development, and law enforcement for the animal welfare.
People Living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA's) quality of life (QoL) is determined by the lifetime treatment sustainability. Republic of Indonesia Minister of Health's Decree Number 328 of 2003 stated that government subsidies the PLWHA's medication and treatment, despite not covering entire medication and treatment cost. The objective of research was to analyse the cost assumed by PLWHA in accessing HIV/AIDS treatment service in Surakarta, Indonesia. The target group in this case study was PLWHAs, and related stakeholders of medical treatment in one of Public Health Centers and a Public Hospital in Surakarta; AIDS Commission of Surakarta City; Solo Plus Peer Support Group and AIDS-Care NGO selected purposively. Data collection was carried out using observation, in-depth interview, and documentation. Method and data source triangulations were used to validate data that was then analysed using Grossman's Demand for Health Capital theory. The result of research showed that the sources of HIV/AIDS treatment cost were self-income, Social Insurance Administration Organization (BPJS) fund and Local Government subsidy. Admission and physican services are given for free to PLWHA because it has been paid by BPJS Fund or has been subsidied by Local Government. Otherwise, they should pay registration cost of IDR 50,000, in
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