PERUBAHAN POLA PENGELOLAAN HUTAN OLEH MASYARAKAT DI DESA KALIGUNTING (Studi Kasus PHBM di Desa Kaligunting, Kecamatan Mejayan, Kabupaten Madiun, Jawa Timur)

Abstract

<h1>Abstract : The existence of forest in Indonesia nowadays could be identified as under critical condition. It was not only caused by illegal logging phenomenon, but also the habit of forest village community which implicitly gives contribution towards the decay of forest ecosystem. This research used qualitative-descriptive method with approach case studies. The change that occurred in Kaligunting Village could be identified as two aspect, including physical aspect and non-physical aspect. Related to physical aspect, cultivating pattern that turned to 3m x 3m impacted on forest sustainability and level of society participation in tumpangsari. Whereas, non-physical aspect change, including social change, economics change, and cultural change. Social change could be seen by the emergence of LMDH Sumber Tani which made level of participation, interaction and social distance, and social network increased. Economic change is visible through the emergence of business opportunity such as cassava flour which became main product of the village, up to the existence of production sharing form Perum Perhutani. Then, in the cultural aspect, the change is occurred in cultivation and harvesting ritual.</h1><h1><strong style="font-size: 10px;">Keyword : </strong><span style="font-size: 10px;">Social change, forest management, Forestry Departmen, PHBM, civil institutions</span></h1><p> </p><p><strong>Abstrak</strong><strong> </strong>: Keberadaan hutan di Indonesia saat ini dapat diidentifikasi karena berada dalam kondisi kritis. Bukan hanya disebabkan oleh fenomena illegal logging, tetapi juga kebiasaan masyarakat desa hutan yang secara implisit memberikan kontribusi terhadap kerusakan ekosistem hutan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode kualitatif-deskriptif dengan pendekatan studi kasus. Perubahan yang terjadi di Desa Kaligunting dapat diidentifikasi sebagai dua aspek, termasuk aspek fisik dan non-fisik. Terkait dengan aspek fisik, pola budidaya yang berubah menjadi 3m x 3m berdampak pada kelestarian hutan dan tingkat partisipasi masyarakat dalam tumpangsari. Sedangkan, aspek non fisik berubah, termasuk perubahan sosial, perubahan ekonomi, dan perubahan budaya. Perubahan sosial dapat dilihat dengan munculnya LMDH Sumber Tani yang membuat tingkat partisipasi, interaksi dan jarak sosial, dan jejaring sosial meningkat. Perubahan ekonomi terlihat melalui munculnya peluang bisnis seperti tepung ubi kayu yang menjadi produk utama desa, hingga adanya bentuk bagi hasil Perum Perhutani. Kemudian, dalam aspek budaya, perubahan itu terjadi dalam ritual kultivasi dan panen.</p><p><br /> <strong>Kata Kunci</strong>: Perubahan sosial, pengelolaan hutan, Departemen Kehutanan, PHBM, lembaga sipil</p>

A Chronicle of Indonesia’s Forest Management: A Long Step towards Environmental Sustainability and Community Welfare

“…It is also necessary to increase interest, participation, and commitment [315][316][317] for the local community from upstream to downstream [315,316]. We can increase the interest and participation of the community and stakeholders by increasing the benefits of resources [121,315], increasing access to financial resources [121,318], creating business orientation [314,315], involving local people in tourism [319,320], technology, and markets [121].…”

“…The challenges that also need to be addressed by the government are clarifying the position of customary forests, recognizing communal rights, and settling the boundaries of forest areas managed by indigenous peoples [121]. The government also needs to assist, increase capacity, and empower indigenous peoples [121,321] and local communities [121,314,318,322]. These activities are necessary to maintain and strengthen the existence of indigenous peoples and community institutions [318] in managing forest areas based on customs and local wisdom.…”

“…The government also needs to assist, increase capacity, and empower indigenous peoples [121,321] and local communities [121,314,318,322]. These activities are necessary to maintain and strengthen the existence of indigenous peoples and community institutions [318] in managing forest areas based on customs and local wisdom.…”

Analisis Hukum Kehutanan terhadap Perubahan Peruntukan Kawasan Hutan Menjadi Bukan Kawasan Hutan di Kabupaten Toba Samosir Provinsi Sumatera Utara

“…Di tingkat lapangan batas yang berupa patok batas hutan juga seringkali tidak jelas sehingga sulit diverifikasi dalam pembuatan berita acara. Persolan mendesak di sektor kehutanan saat ini cukup kompleks, seperti semakin kurang berkembangnya investasi, rendahnya kemajuan pembangunan hutan tanaman, minimnya pengendalian pembalakan, dan perdagangan kayu liar, meningkatnya luas kawasan hutan yang tidak terkelola dengan baik, hingga merosotnya perekonomian masyarakat yang berada di sekitr hutan (Annisa, 2018).…”

Local knowledge in forest management: a case study in java forest, indonesia

“…Every inch of forest land in Java is an integral part of the village administrative area [9]. Thus, it is appropriate for forest management to adapt to the dynamics of life around village communities [10]. That is why community participation is required in forest resource management in Indonesia [11].…”