Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis pertumbuhan kampung kumuh di Indonesia. Kemunculan permukiman kumuh di berbagai kota disebabkan oleh beberapa faktor, diantaranya ketidakseimbangan antara tingkat urbanisasi dengan ketersediaan lahan perumahan. Disamping itu kurangnya sinergi antara pemerintah dan masyarakat dalam menciptakan permukiman yang layak huni, pengelolaan tata ruang yang tidak teratur, kurangnya kepedulian masyarakat dalam mendirikan bangunan sesuai standar berlaku, serta lemahnya pengawasan pengawasan dalam izin mendirikan bangunan berdampak terhadap rendahnya kualitas hidup masyarakat miskin perkotaan di Indonesia. Salah satu intervensi kebijakan dalam mengatasi kampung kumuh dilaksanakan melalui Program Kotaku yang bertujuan untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan sosial yang bersifat kompleks, berbasis pemberdayaan masyarakat. Riset ini menggunakan pendekatan kuantitatif deskriftif yang menganalisis pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh perkotaan Indonesia dengan menggunakan pemetaan data infografis berdasarkan Wilayah dan Provinsi. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa pertumbuhan permukiman kumuh di perkotaan Indonesia masih terus meningkat berdasarkan data tahun 2017-2019 terjadi peningkatan mencapai 13.86%. Disamping itu rumah tangga di permukiman kumuh tidak memiliki akses terhadap sumber air minum layak dan tidak memiliki akses terhadap sanitasi.
Various programs have been implemented around the world to achieve slum upgrading, including in the city of Palembang, Indonesia, through the Kotaku Program. This program has been implemented since 2016 with a target of upgrading slum areas by 2020. However, the program has not reached the target. This study aims to identify the failure factors of not achieving the goal. This research uses a qualitative case study by conducting in-depth interviews with 20 various actors (i.e., government, academics, society, and media) involved in the Kotaku Program in Palembang City. Based on the policy network theory perspective, this research found three challenges in achieving the target, namely: (1) lack of collaboration between parties; (2) unclear roles of policy actors in housing and settlements; (3) the difficulty of building trust between actors to work together. From the interviews, new factors were found, including caring and integrity as influencing factors of the actor relationship intensity in a policy network. Consequently, to achieve success with the Kotaku Program, the aspect of the collaboration, trust, caring, integrity among stakeholders, and the aspect of the clarity of the role of the policy actors should be considered.
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