Abstrak. Thrixspermum merupakan anggrek yang memiliki ciri khas berbunga dalam waktu yang singkat. Akibatnya, dalam pengklasifikasian menggunakan morfologi cenderung sulit untuk dilakukan. Sehingga perlu adanya pengklasifikasian menggunakan cara alternatif misalnya dengan marka molekuler menggunakan DNA. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mencari barkode DNA dari beberapa spesies Thrixspermum yang ada pada GenBank NCBI. Berdasarkan data dari NCBI, hanya terdapat 19 spesies dari genus Thrixspermum yang telah diteliti sekuennya. Dari total 19 spesies tersebut, setelah dilakukan pensejajaran sekuen menunjukkan bahwa pada lokus matK dan rbcL memiliki tingkat homologi yang tinggi, sementara pada lokus ITS menunjukkan lebih banyak variasi genetik. Terdapat dua spesies yakni T. annamense dan T. marguense yang berpotensi memiliki barcode pada lokus ITS. Selain itu, didapatkan pohon filogenetik dari 19 spesies Thrixspermum yang telah diketahui senkuennya pada NCBI.Abstract. Thrixspermum is an orchid that has the characteristic of flowering in a short time. As a result, classification using morphology tends to be difficult to perform. Therefore, an alternative method such as molecular markers using DNA is needed for classification purpose. This study was performed to identify DNA barcodes of several Thrixspermum species found in the NCBI database. Based on data from NCBI, there are only 19 species of the genus Thrixspermum with sequence have been explored. Of total 19 species, after sequence alignment showed that the matK and rbcL loci had high homology level, while at the ITS locus showed more genetic variant. There are two species namely T. annamense and T. marguense posses potential barcodes at ITS locus. In addition, a phylogenetic tree from 19 species of Thrixspermum was constructed based on the sequences deposited in NCBI.
Bioteknologi telah berkembang di Indonesia sejak lama namun cenderung lambat dikarenakan oleh beberapa faktor. Faktor pertama adalah minimnya dana penelitian dalam bidang bioteknologi. Penelitian bioteknologi dibutuhkan untuk meningkatkan kuantitas dan kualitas produk serta pengetahuan tentang bioteknologi. Faktor lain yaitu rendahnya sumber daya manusia, fasilitas dan kebijakan pemerintah yang terkesan memperpanjang proses pemasaran produk rekayasa genetika. Bioteknologi memiliki peranan positif bagi dunia pertanian, kesehatan serta lingkungan. Dalam dunia pertanian, bioteknologi membantu untuk mengurangi krisis pangan, memperbaiki kualitas pangan dan meningkatkan jumlah produksi hasil pertanian. Di bidang kesehatan, bioteknologi dapat mendiagnosis suatu penyakit genetis maupun non genetis serta mengobati penyakit tertentu. Dalam bidang lingkungan, bioteknologi dapat meningkatkan kualitas lingkungan yang telah tercemar seperti remediasi, bioleaching, mengurangi sampah plastik dengan memproduksi bioplastik serta memproduksi pupuk hayati yang ramah lingkungan.Development of Biotechnology in IndonesiaABSTRACTBiotechnology has developed in Indonesia for a long time but tends to be slow due to several factors. The first factor is the lack of research funding in the field of biotechnology. Biotechnology research is needed to increase the quantity and quality of products and knowledge about biotechnology. Other factors are low human resources, facilities, and government policies that seem to extend the marketing process of genetic engineering products. Biotechnology has a positive role for the world of agriculture, health and the environment. In the world of agriculture, biotechnology helps to reduce the food crisis, improve food quality and increase the amount of agricultural production. In the health sector, biotechnology can diagnose a genetic and non-genetic disease and treat certain diseases. In the environmental field, biotechnology can improve the quality of polluted environments such as remediation, bioleaching, reducing plastic waste by producing bioplastics and producing environmentally friendly biological fertilizers.Keywords: biotechnology, factors, agriculture, health, environment
<p>Dendrobium discolor<em> Lindl., Tanimbar is one of the medicinal orchids that has been used to treat skin diseases. Morphologically, </em>D. discolor<em> Tanimbar shows similarities with </em>D. discolor<em> Merauke and </em>D. bigibbum<em>, making it challenging to identify. DNA barcoding using ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase large </em>(rbcL)<em> and Internal Transcribed Spacer </em>(ITS)<em> markers expected to be used to identify </em>D. discolor<em> accurately. This study aimed to identify potential DNA sequences as barcodes for the identification of medicinal orchid </em>D. discolor<em> Tanimbar using molecular markers </em>rbcL<em> and </em>ITS<em>. The DNA genome of </em>D. discolor<em> Tanimbar was isolated and used as a template in the PCR reaction. The resulting amplicons were then sequenced. The results showed that the </em>rbcL<em> gene sequence of </em>D. discolor<em> had high homology with </em>D. salaccense<em> (Accession: LC193510.1, Prect. Ident : 99.45 %), whereas the </em>ITS<em> had high homology with </em>D. nindii <em>(Accession: AY239985.1 Identification: 98.67 %). Bioinformatics analysis showed that the </em>rbcL<em> gene sequence from </em>D. discolor<em> had more homology sequence than the </em>ITS<em>. However, the </em>ITS<em> sequence was more specific and could differentiate to species level. Based on the results of this study, the </em>ITS<em> sequence can be recommended as a molecular marker for the identification of the medicinal orchid </em>D. discolor<em> Tanimbar.</em></p>
Indonesia has high biodiversity for plant species, including orchids with medicinal potential such as Phalaenopsis deliciosa. Generally, morphological characters, especially in flowers are used for orchids identification. However, when the plants are not in the flowering period, the identification becomes difficult. Therefore an alternative method, such as molecular identification (DNA barcoding) needs to be applied for the best solution. This research, which was conducted with three different markers found that the identity level of matK, rbcL, and ITS to other orchids species was 99-98%, 98%, and 94-96%, respectively. Furthermore, matK and ITS showed high specificity for Phalaenopsis deliciosa, and are therefore recommended as the best molecular identification marker of genus Phalaenopsis.
Thrixspermum is an orchid that has the characteristics of a very short flowering period. This is one of the obstacles in the conventional identification process that uses morphology, both vegetative and generative. For this reason, a molecular approach is needed as an alternative identification tool for the Thrixspermum orchid. For molecular identification, CBOL recommends three markers, namely matK, rbcL, and ITS. In this study, only ITS2 was used since ITS have been reported for its ability to discriminate plant sample up to species levels. The genomic DNA of T. longipilosum was isolated using the CTAB method with minor modification, then used as a template in PCR amplification. The amplicon resulted from the PCR reaction (± 450 bp in size) was purified and further determined using DNA sequencer. The results showed that T. longipilosum has a high homology level with its close relatives (per ident 94.07%-96.91%). From alignment analysis, the ITS2 sequence of T. longipilosum showing differences nucleotides located in sequences 3 (A→G), 55 (G/A→T), and 64 (A→G). Meanwhile, phylogenetic analysis showed that T. longipilosum formed one cluster with T. linusii. This shows that ITS2 are highly recommended as a molecular marker to determine the barcode of the T. longipilosum.
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
10624 S. Eastern Ave., Ste. A-614
Henderson, NV 89052, USA
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.