No abstract

Abstrak: Reorientasi Audit Internal untuk Melawan Korupsi Pe ngadaan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk menemukan reorientasi peran audit internal dalam melawan korupsi pengadaan. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode configurative-ideographic case study pada informan yang berasal dari Auditor Pengawas Internal Pemerintah (APIP). Penelitian ini menemukan bahwa informan sering jatuh pada sikap penilaian profesional yang tidak objektif pada kegiatan pengadaan yang di dalamnya terdapat political corruption. Peneliti mengusulkan struktur pengawasan internal pemerintah daerah dengan pendekatan three lines for defense. Konsep ini mendedikasikan artikulasi yang jelas terhadap peran audit internal di lingkungan pemerintah daerah dalam memberikan support assurance.

Background: Pinworm infection remains a global public health problem in Indonesia, with the highest prevalence in primary school–aged children. The government has made helminthiasis control efforts through annual deworming every six months, yet data on the enterobiasis prevalence and its risk factors are still limited. Purpose: This research aimed to determine the role of personal hygiene and anthelmintic or worm medicine consumption in the prevention of enterobiasis among primary school children. Methods: This research employed an analytic observational method with a cross-sectional design. The population used was primary school children in the Public Health Center (PHC) of Kaliwungu area, Kendal District, Central Java Province. The research sample was 150 students from first grade to third grade at 1 Primary Elementary School 1 Kutoharjo. The data sources were obtained from interviews of risk factors and perianal swab examinations. The data were analyzed by a chi-square test and multiple logistic regression. Results: The prevalence of pinworm infection among primary school children remains high (37.33%). The results of the multivariate analysis showed that there are three determinant variables of pinworm infections: not washing hands with soap before eating (p < 0.01; Prevalence Odds Ratio (POR) = 6.47; 95% Confidence Interval [CI] = 2.87 < POR < 14.59); not washing hands with soap after defecation (p = 0.01; POR = 3.36; 95% CI = 1.40 < POR < 8.05); and not consuming anthelmintic drugs within the past six months (p = 0.03; POR = 2.43; 95% CI = 1.08 < POR < 5.50). Conclusion: Hand washing habits and annual deworming are important factors to prevent pinworm infections.

Sentra Indutri Tas Kendal merupakan salah satu paguyuban di daerah Kendal yang memproduksi tas, dimana setiap aktivitas kerjanya, pekerja berisiko untuk menderita terjadinya Musculoskeletal Disorder’s (MSDs) terkait dengan masalah ergonomi. Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) adalah sebuah metode dalam bidang ergonomi yang digunakan secara cepat untuk menilai postur leher, punggung, pergelangan tangan, dan kaki pekerja. Penelitian dilakukan untuk mengetahui gambaran postur kerja dan gambaran keluhan subjektif MSDs pada pekerja bagian pola dan gudang. Desain penelitian adalah Cross Sectional Deskriptif. Penelitian postur kerja menggunakan metode REBA dan kuesioner Nordic Body Map (NBM). Data dianalisis secara deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan skor REBA akhir yaitu 10 pada aktifitas pembuatan pola 1 pekerja (25%), dan skor 10 pada aktifitas gudang 1 pekerja (33%). Keluhan subjektif MSDs terbanyak dirasakan pekerja pada bagian pinggang 6 dari 7 pekerja (86%). Gambaran keluhan MSDs berdasarkan masa kerja pada kategori 5 tahun di bagian pinggang sebesar 100% dan kategori masa kerja 5-10 tahun keluhan pada leher bagian atas sebesar 80%. Sehingga, diperlukan tindakan segera dalam melakukan proses kerja, perubahan alat kerja dan desain area kerja untuk mengurangi risiko ergonomi dan keluhan subjektif MSDs.

No abstract

Diarrhea is defecation three or more times in one day with a liquid consistency which is one of the infectious diseases that causes death in infants and toddlers, at the Rowosari II Health Center is one of the areas where the number of diarrhea sufferers has increased from 2018-2020. that is as many as 115 people to 125 people. Factors that influence the incidence of diarrhea in toddlers include clean water sources, latrine ownership facilities, and the type of floor. This study aims to determine the relationship between environmental sanitation and the incidence of diarrhea in children under five in the Rowosari II health center. This type of analytic observational research with a cross-sectional approach, with a questionnaire measuring instrument, processed by univariate and bivariate tests, and chi-square test, if it does not meet the requirements then the fishers exact test. The results of the study on 40 respondents who were the patient population of Rowosari II Health Center, it was found that there was a relationship between clean water sources (Pvalue = 0.029) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five at Rowosari II Health Center during the last six months, and there was no relationship between latrine ownership facilities (Pvalue). = 1.00) and the type of floor (Pvalue = 0.746) (Odds Ratio 95% CI = 1.160 (0.475–2.830) with the incidence of diarrhea in children under five at the Rowosari II Health Center during the last six months. Parents of children under five are expected to better maintain the hygiene conditions of toddlers as well as the environment and related agencies in order to improve health promotion regarding clean, healthy living behavior and using water sources from PAMSIMAS.

Some people who appreciate literature still discuss about the real of each terms which often appear in literary works especially in narrative fiction, such as plot, story, character, characterization, and conflict. Eventhough, there are some people who appreciate literature who are not able to differentiate those terms. That is why, the purpose of this article is to explain the position of literary works in fiction, especially narrative fiction. Because of characteristic of fiction include all the aspects of story so in this article explain about story, plot, and conflict. Story as an even which followed by other even, then followed by another even, and so on, while plot as even series which is composed by cause and effect. Meanwhile, conflict is created by the interaction of each character. Without interaction, a conflict could not be created. So that is why, a conflict as a part of integral that should be stated in. Good or bad o a conflict depend on the criteria of conflict itself.

Background: HIV/AIDS are major problem that threatens Indonesia and many countries around the world. In 2011 there were 17.3 million adults living with AIDS were women. The purpose of studies proved that host and environmental factors were associated the occurence of HIV/AIDS in women. Method: The research using case-control study, was supported by indepth interview. The target population were women in Kendal with a sample of 76 women consisted of 38 women with HIV/AIDS and 38 women negative HIV. Samples case with consecutive sampling technique, control with cluster sampling. Bivariate analysis using chi-square test and multivariate analysis used logistic regression. Results: Multivariate analysis showed that host factors significantly associated with the occurence of HIV/AIDS in women were the number of sexual partners more than 1 (p = 0,003), level of education was low ≤ 9 years (p = 0,049) and the first married age < 20 years (p = 0,03); environment factors significantly associated was history of HIV/AIDS on her husband (p=0,001). Host factors were not significantly associated with the occurence of HIV/AIDS in women were history of receiving blood donors,  history of sexually transmitted diseases, the status of drug users, the habit of drinking alcohol, violence, type of job, and socioeconomic. Conclusion: Host factors significantly associated with the occurence of HIV/AIDS in women were the number of sexual partners more than 1, level of education was low ≤ 9 years, and the first married age <20 years; environment factors significantly associated was history of HIV/AIDS on her husband. Background:HIV/AIDSaremajorproblemthatthreatensIndonesiaandmanycountriesaround theworld.In2011therewere17.3millionadultslivingwithAIDSwerewomen.Thepurposeof studiesprovedthathostandenvironmentalfactorswereassociatedtheoccurenceofHIV/AIDS inwomen.Method:Theresearchusingcase-controlstudy,wassupportedbyindepthinterview.Thetarget population were women in Kendal with a sample of 76 women consisted of 38 women with HIV/AIDSand 38 women negative HIV. Samples case with consecutive sampling technique, controlwithclustersampling.Bivariateanalysisusingchi-squaretestandmultivariateanalysis usedlogisticregression.Results:    Multivariateanalysisshowedthathostfactorssignificantlyassociatedwiththe occurenceofHIV/AIDSinwomenwerethenumberofsexualpartnersmorethan1(p=0,003), levelofeducationwaslow≤9years(p=0,049)andthefirstmarriedage<20years(p=0,03); environmentfactorssignificantlyassociatedwashistoryofHIV/AIDSonherhusband(p=0,001).HostfactorswerenotsignificantlyassociatedwiththeoccurenceofHIV/AIDSinwomen were history of receiving blood donors,  history of sexually transmitted diseases, the status of drugusers,thehabitofdrinkingalcohol,violence,typeofjob,andsocioeconomic.Conclusion: Host factors significantly associated with the occurence of HIV/AIDS in women werethenumberofsexualpartnersmorethan1,levelofeducationwaslow≤9years,andthefirst marriedage<20years;environmentfactorssignificantlyassociatedwashistoryofHIV/AIDSon herhusband.