River-based tourism product development is regarded as one of the critical segments that focus on proper physical, social, and economic expansion. To date, the lack of depth and concern is tapped into this market by either scholars or stakeholders accordingly. Currently, a part of the local plan for Muar development is envisioned towards developing and promoting the tourism industry. However, the primary challenge of river-based tourism is maximising the usage and livability of its waters and natural resources. Therefore, this research aimed to explore the suitable tourism product for river-based tourism, with the most significant market potential in the context of the Muar River through an assessment of the Tourism Opportunity Spectrum (TOS). The TOS approach is the methodology suitable as an assessment tool for tourism planning and management towards sustainability. The instrument was adopted from previous studies and executed through site inspection and familiarisation trips, namely observation and resources inventory. The main finding of this study was the zonation of five main areas, which contributed to the characterisation of different tourism products along Muar River, and the five scopes of TOS assessment. The recommendations will primarily support the enhancement of river-based tourism development and assist the stakeholders in achieving the visions and missions of Muar’s local plan.
This conceptual research intended to highlight the emergent concept of local leadership in Community-Based Rural Homestay (CBRH) in Malaysia. In addition, the development and progress of local participation in CBRH also become the focal point to be discussed. Undeniably, Community-Based Rural Homestay become a vehichle and development for local community to enhance their socioeconomy through engagement as homestay operators. Ministry of Tourism and Culture put a lot effort to improve infrastructure and facilities in every homestay providers to boost up tourist arrival. Apart of being source of income to local community, CBRH also offers various local product, quality rural experience and culture preservation and conservation for tourist. Thus, CBRH programme has proved as a platform for local community empowerment and distributed benefir as individual or collective basis. Most of the homestay operator motivated to participate in this programme due to value-added to their source of income and medium for them to promote their local culture to tourist. However, incompetent leaders to lead the CBRH initiatives become a challenge to homestay operator as they need a proactive leaders to drive and facilitate them in order to handle tourist and homestay operation.
The homestay program is an essential driver for local community empowerment and distributed benefit individually or collectively. Most of the local communities in rural areas are encouraged to participate in this program due to their value-added income and platform to promote the local culture to tourists. However, incompetent leaders to lead Community-Based Rural Homestay (CBRH) become a challenge to homestay operators as they need a proactive leader to manage the activities and tourists at the same time. Poor leadership qualities affect the homestay program from being active in generating income and other benefits for the local community. Indeed, there is a need for the leader in a community project to act as the representative for the local community to guide them as the community may not be ready for the intended changes or development. Ten competencies were identified to explore the characteristics of local champions in the context of CBRH. A single case study has been used whereby this research was taken place at Homestay Sungai Haji Dorani. A mixed-method design is adopted in this research which is involved a questionnaire distributed to the homestay operators and the interview session with the local champion of Homestay Sungai Haji Dorani. The finding was revealed that fairness becomes a dominant competency of the local champion. In a nutshell, the local champion's role is crucial to facilitate the participation of the local community in tourism development. Furthermore, the local champion is also considered one of Malaysia's CBRH factor's internal success factor.
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