Chickpea is one of the main annual crops in Ethiopia both in terms of its total cultivated area of pulses and its role in direct human consumption. The major problem to increase pulse production is the loss of seed viability and seeds damage from insect infestation particularly Adzuki bean beetle. Research works conducted on diversity study on chickpea varieties grown under different soil fertility levels were scanty. To fill such information gap, hundred chickpea genotypes that were managed under different soil fertility levels for Adzuki bean beetle resistance were screened under laboratory condition at Holetta and Debre Zeit. Cluster analysis was used to group the genotypes into five clusters with and without application of rhizobium and phosphorus, but into six clusters with the application of both rhizobium and phosphorus. Inter-cluster D2 average values of 11.50 (between clusters C 4 and C 5 ) to 62.94 (between clusters C 2 and C 5 ), 14.85 (between clusters C 1 and C 2 ) to 72.12 (between clusters C 3 and C 5 ) and 8.61 (between clusters C 2 and C 3 ) to 166.25 (between clusters C 2 and C 6 ) were found when genotypes grown under neither rhizobium nor phosphorus, only with rhizobium and with rhizobium and phosphorus conditions, respectively. The more divergent the two genotypes are the more will be the probability of improving through selection and hybridization. The current study showed presence of moderate level of resistance in chickpea genotypes against Adzuki bean beetle regardless of soil fertility levels. In the future, it would be good approach to take up those moderately resistant genotypes in comprehensive breeding programs as a parent for hybridization.
Faba bean (Vicia faba L.) is a high value crop in Ethiopia and has versatile uses. The national faba bean breeding program concentrates on the three major traits (grain yield, disease resistance and seed size) of the crop for varietal release for commercial production. Hence, ten faba bean genotypes were evaluated at Adet, Areka, Bekoji, Haramaya, Holetta and Jimma during the main cropping seasons of 2018 and 2019 using a randomized complete block design with four replications with the objectives to select the genotype with best performance in terms of important agronomic traits like grain yield, disease resistance, large seed size and other desirable agronomic traits for high potential production areas in Ethiopia. The combined analysis of variance across locations revealed that there is highly significant (P < 0.01) variation among the tested genotypes for grain yield, 1000-seeds weight, number of pods per plant, and days to 90% physiological maturity. The genotype EH011089-3 showed better performance than the tested genotypes having comparable grain yield performance (3803 kgha-1) with the two standard checks, Numan and Gora (3790 and 3897 kgha-1, respectively) while it had the highest 1000-seeds weight (1065 g) compared to the two standard checks, Numan and Gora (937 g and 786 g, respectively), i.e., 13.7% and 35.5% advantage, over the two standard checks, respectively. Additionally, EH011089-3 had better resistance for chocolate spot and rust diseases. Therefore, EH011089-3 was the best over the tested varieties and breeding lines. Genotype EH011089-3 is recommended for varietal release for commercial production all over in Ethiopia.
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