A study was conducted to evaluate table eggs in Manokwari city. A total of 300 eggs were examined for external and internal qualities. The eggs were gathered from different places: local farmer for local eggs (1 respondent), markets for imported eggs (2 respondents)), supermarkets (4 respondents), egg distributors (1 respondent), and stalls (10 respondents)). The egg examinations were done twice, first was the time when no ship for egg transport came to Manokwari (period 1) to assume that the eggs had been kept for quite long before reached the consumers and second was the time when ship for egg transport that just arrived to Manokwari with the assumption that he eggs were still relatively fresh (periode 2). Results showed that the majority of table eggs in Manokwari had brown shells followed by spotted and light brown, all with oval shapes. Eggs gathered at period 2 were larger than those of period 1; local eggs were significantly heavier than imported eggs due to the difference of egg freshness. The local eggs of period 2 showed a very good air sac with AA quality, while the imported eggs had the air sac quality for A and B. The highest yolk score (8.88) were observed at local eggs at period 2.
Abstract. Prolactin in chicken (cPRL) is a polypeptide hormone that plays a crucial role in incubation and brooding behavior. This hormone is coded by a gene located at chromosome 2. The objective of this study was to investigate 24-bp indel polymorphism in promoter prolactin gene of Papua local chickens. A number of 60 DNA samples came from 60 Papua local chickens (25 males and 35 females) were used in this study. PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) method with a pair of specific primer was applied and a specific DNA fragment with 130 and/or 154 bp contained 24-bp indel was successfully amplified. Results of electrophoresis run on 1.5 % agarose gel showed three genotypes: II, ID and DD with the frequency of 6,7%, 48.3% and 45% respectively. The frequency of I allele and D allele was 0.69 and 0.31, respectively. Results indicated that the I allele frequency was medium in Papua local chickens population. Results therefore suggest that incubation behavior in hen population of Papua local chickens is easy to eliminate by increasing the I allele frequency in the population.Key words: 24-bp Indel, Papua local chicken, polymorphism, promoter prolactin gene.
Antioxidants can inhibit the oxidation process by reacting with free radicals, which in turn, maintain the quality of spermatozoa. This study aims to determine the viability and the abnormality of “ayam kampung” (Gallus gallus) spermatozoa after being diluted in ringer lactate infused with “sarang semut” (Myrmecodia Sp) extract. RAL is the research method used, utilizing 4 different Gallus gallus as test subjects. The variables observed are the abnormality and the viability of the spermatozoa sample treated with different amounts of Myrmecodia Sp extract, P0: 0 ml, P1: 0.02 ml, P2: 0.03, and P3: 0.04 ml. The abnormality rate for each sample is as follows; P0: 14 ± 4.05%, P1: 13.5 ± 3.78%, P2: 3.5 ± 1.23% and P3: 12.83 ± 5.04 %. Using the variance analysis, the result showed that the addition of Myrmecodia Sp extract in ringer lactate solution had little to no effect on causing spermatozoa abnormalities. Furthermore, the viability of spermatozoa for each sample is; P0: 14 ± 4.05%, P1: 13 ± 3.78%, P2: 13 ± 1.22% and P3: 12 ± 5.04%. Based on the variance analysis, the result showed that Myrmecodia Sp extract had a significant effect (P <0.05) on the spermatozoa viability. The addition of Myrmecodia sp extract to ringer lactate diluter had little to no effect on the abnormality of the Gallus gallus’ spermatozoa but had a significant effect on the spermatozoa’s viability.
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