ObjectivesTo investigate the expression as well as biological roles of activating transcription factor 3 (ATF3) in human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cells.MethodsReal time PCR and western blot were applied to detect the expression of ATF3 in human HCC specimens. MTT assay was used to analyze cell proliferation after ATF3 was overexpressed. The expression of cyclin D1 was detected by real time PCR in ATF3-silenced/-overexpressed cells and HCC samples. Correlation coefficient was finally analyzed between ATF3 and cyclin D1 in the HCC samples.ResultsThe expression of ATF3 was found to be downregulated in tested HCC specimens. Cellular MTT assays showed that cell proliferation was suppressed in ATF3-overexpressing HepG2 cells. In addition, cyclin D1 gene expression exhibited negative correlation with ATF3 in both cell lines and tissue samples.ConclusionLow expression of ATF3 may function as a tumor suppressor via inhibiting cyclin D1 in HCC.
IntroductionOver the past decade, several studies on the microvascular invasion (MVI) of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have been published. However, they have not quantitatively analyzed the remarkable impact of MVI. Therefore, a more comprehensive understanding of the field is now needed. This study aims to analyze the evolution of HCC-MVI research and to systematically evaluate the scientific outputs using bibliometric citation analysis.MethodsA systematic search was conducted on the Web of Science Core Collection on 2 May 2022 to retrieve studies on HCC-MVI published between 2013 and 2022. Then, a bibliometric analysis of the publications was performed using CiteSpace, VOSviewer, and other visualization tools.ResultsA total of 1,208 articles on HCC MVI were identified. Of these, China (n = 518) was the most prolific country, and Fudan University (n = 90) was the most notable institution. Furthermore, we observed that Lau Wan Yee participated in most studies (n = 26), and Frontiers in Oncology (IF2020:6.24) published the highest number of documents (n = 49) on this subject, with 138 publications. The paper “Bray F, 2018, CA-CANCER J CLIN, V68, P394” has the highest number of co-cited references, with 119 citations. In addition, the top three keywords were “survival”, “recurrence”, and “microvascular invasion”. Moreover, the research hot spots and frontiers of HCC-MVI for the last 3 years included imaging characteristics and transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) therapy studies.ConclusionsThis study comprehensively summarized the most significant HCC-MVI documents from past literature and highlighted key contributions made to the advancement of this subject and the advancement of this field over the past decade. The trend of MVI research will gradually shift from risk factors and prognosis studies to imaging characteristics and TACE therapy studies.
Rationale: Peliosis hepatis (PH), which is characterized by blood-filled cavities in the liver, is a rare disease. Its diagnosis depends on postoperative pathological examinations and immunohistochemistry. Patient concerns: A 44-year-old female complained of right-middle upper abdominal pain and distension for 1 month, with occasional vomiting and fever. Diagnosis: Because of the similar imaging features, the patient was initially misdiagnosed as cystic echinococcosis (CE). The immunoassay of echinococcosis was negative. Irregular hepatectomy was performed. Eventually, the patient was diagnosed with PH based on postoperative histopathology and immunohistochemistry. Interventions: The patient underwent hepatectomy. Then, the cystic lesion was collected for intraoperative pathological examination. Thus, the blood liquid was extracted from the cystic lesion. Pringle maneuver was administered to prevent bleeding, and then the whole cystic lesion was removed. Outcomes: She recovered smoothly and there was no relapse occurred during 6 months’ follow-up. Lessons: It is difficult to differentiate PH from CE and other hepatic diseases due to the lack of special imaging features. Pathological examinations and immunohistochemistry can provide a confirmed diagnosis of PH.
Background The surgery treatment strategies for elderly patients who were diagnosed as choledocholithiasis combined with cholecystolithiasis include laparoscopic choledocholithotomy with cholecystectomy and T-tube drainage or endoscopic sphincterotomy with nasobiliary drainage alone for those selected elderly patients without symptoms related to the gallbladder. However, long-term T-tube drainage will cause pain and life inconvenient. This study was designed to retrospective analysis the primary suture of the common bile duct and the T-tube drainage after laparoscopic choledochotomy to study the merits and demerits between primary suture and T-tube drainage in elderly patients. Methods Eighty-five patients were screened from January 2017 to January 2018. All patients were performed laparoscopic surgery, and an intraperitoneal drainage tube was left in all patients. Fifty-six cases were the primary suture group (n=56). Twenty-nine cases were the T-tube group (n=29). Preoperative baseline characteristics, intraoperative and postoperative characteristics of the two groups were compared. Results There were no differences in baseline characteristics in both groups (P>0.05). Compared with the T-tube group, the postoperative total drainage volume on the first day [15(15, 58.75) vs 292(185, 360)] and patients of residual stones (0/56 vs 5/29) were fewer, and all drainage tube indwelling time [6(5,7) vs 84(82,86.5)] was shorter in the primary suture group(P﹤0.05). And there were statistically significant differences in postoperative total drainage volume on the first day [15(15, 58.75) vs 292(185, 360)], all drainage tube indwelling time [6(5, 7) vs 84(82, 86.5)], postoperative total bilirubin [22.15(13.475, 33) vs 31.3(20.6,57.3)] and residual stones (0/56 vs 5/29) between the two groups (P<0.05). There were no statistically significant differences in the other intraoperative and postoperative characteristics(P>0.05). There were no pressure sores, postoperative pneumonia, deep vein thrombosis, serious complications of heart, lung and brain and even death in both groups. Conclusions With accurate preoperative risk assessment and strict treatment of basic diseases for elderly patients, if the stones in the common bile duct were cleared in laparoscopic surgery, the primary suture in elderly patients is feasible, safe, and valid.
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