Al-5086 H32 plates with a thickness of 3 mm were friction stir butt-welded using different welding speeds at a tool rotational speed of 1600 rpm. The effect of welding speed on the weld performance of the joints was investigated by conducting optical microscopy, microhardness measurements and mechanical tests (i.e. tensile and bend tests). The effect of heat input during friction stir welding on the microstructure, and thus mechanical properties, of cold-rolled Al-5086 plates was also determined.The experimental results indicated that the maximum tensile strength of the joints, which is about 75 % that of the base plate, was obtained with a traverse speed of 200 mm/min at the tool rotational speed used, e.g. 1600 rpm, and the maximum bending angle of the joints can reach 180 o . The maximum ductility performance of the joints was, on the other hand, relatively low, e.g. about 20 %. These results are not unexpected due to the loss of the cold-work strengthening in the weld region as a result of the heat input during welding, and thus the confined plasticity within the stirred zone owing to strength undermatching. Higher joint performances can also be achieved by increasing the penetration depth of the stirring probe in butt-friction stir welding of Al-5086 H32 plates.
Acoustic micromanipulation technologies are a set of versatile tools enabling unparalleled micromanipulation capabilities. Several characteristics put the acoustic micromanipulation technologies ahead of most of the other tweezing methods. For example, acoustic tweezers can be adapted as non-invasive platforms to handle single cells gently or as probes to stimulate or damage tissues. Besides, the nature of the interactions of acoustic waves with solids and liquids eliminates labeling requirements. Considering the importance of highly functional tools in biomedical research for empowering important discoveries, acoustic micromanipulation can be valuable for researchers in biology and medicine. Herein, we discuss the potential of acoustic micromanipulation technologies from technical and application points of view in biomedical research.
In this work, a low-cost and practical peristaltic pump is demonstrated using 3D printing and an open-sourced microcontroller platform. The peristaltic pump is designed to be compatible with polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidic chips which are also fabricated through replica molding method using 3D printed molds. A thin layer of PDMS which was bonded on top of the microfluidic chip is designed to have a circular-shaped channel to be aligned with the circular arrangement of steel ball bearings. The entire system is designed to be portable and capable of producing metered fluid flow in small-scale devices. The developed device is characterized to provide adjustable fluid flow control between 1.7 µL/s to 23 µL/s which is suitable for many on-chip applications. Overall, a low-cost, portable and simple-to-fabricate peristaltic pump is presented.
In egg production facilities, the classification of eggs is carried out either manually or by using sophisticated systems such as load cells. However, there is a need for the classification of eggs to be carried out with faster and cheaper methods. In the agri-food industry, the use of image processing technology is continuously increasing due to the data processing speed and cost-effective solutions. In this study, an image processing approach was used to classify chicken eggs on an industrial roller conveyor line in real-time. A color camera was used to acquire images in an illumination cabinet on a motorized roller conveyor while eggs are moving on the movement halls. The system successfully operated for the grading of eggs in the industrial multi-flow production line in real-time. There were significant correlations among measured weights of the eggs after image processing. The coefficient of linear correlation (R2) between measured and actual weights was 0.95.
Heat exchangers are used in many applications including chemical, oil, and gas power generation, refrigeration, pharmaceuticals, and food processing. Because of their widespread usage, they have various types to serve at different working conditions. Increasing the performance of heat exchangers has become a very interesting field of study since the efficiency of various industrial and domestic systems depend on them. In this study, a coaxial double tube experimental set-up was prepared, and the effect of using nanohexagonal boron nitride nanofluid as hot working fluid on the heat transfer performance increase was investigated. The experiments were carried out in concurrent flow and counter flow conditions for various hot fluid-flow rates to obtain the heat transfer coefficients. Nanohexagonal boron nitride obtained in powder form was used to prepare the nanofluid by a two-step method. The 4 kg nanofluid containing 2% nanohexagonal boron nitride with 0.5% Triton X-100 as a surfactant in terms of mass ratio was prepared for the experiments. Heat transfer experiments were carried out three times by using the prepared nanohexagonal boron nitride/water nanofluid and pure water as hot fluid to reach more precise results. In the result of this study, the total heat transfer coefficient showed an average improvement of 48.78% for the concurrent flow heat exchanger, while an average improvement of 0.36% was observed in the counter flow conditions compared to the base fluid. This study shows the potential of application of nanohexagonal boron nitride/water nanofluid in heat management applications.
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