No abstract

The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of an enzyme complex-α-amylase, ß-glucanase, phytase, cellulase, xylanase and protease-in the feed of swine in growing and finishing phases, by assessing their performance (daily weight gain, daily feed intake, and feed conversion), dry matter, crude protein, and crude energy apparent digestibility, and the feed costs. Eighty pigs-castrated males, and females-of approximately 63 days of age and initial weight of 20.18±1.98 kg were distributed in a 5×2 factorial arrangement (diet × sex), in a randomized block design, with eight replications. The treatments used were: positive control diet consisted of 3,300 kcal/kg in the growth-I phase, and 3,250 kcal/kg in the growth-II and finishing phases; negative control diet with energy reduction of 85 kcal/kg of metabolizable energy (ME) (NC85); NC85 diet with addition of enzyme complex (EC85); negative control diet with energy reduction of 100 kcal/kg ME (NC100); NC100 diet with addition of enzyme complex (EC100). The addition of the enzyme complex to the diet with energy reduction of 100 kcal/kg ME increased the digestible protein content of the diet for the swine in the growth-II phase. The addition of the enzyme complex to the diet with energy reduction of 85 and 100 kcal/kg ME increased the digestible energy content of the diets for the swine in the finishing phase. The use of enzyme complex in diets with reduction of 85 kcal/kg ME for male swine in growing and finishing phases is recommended for improving feed conversion and economic efficiency during the growth-I phase. The use of enzyme complex is not justified for female swine.

No abstract

Objetivou-se determinar a interferência do aditivo extrato de Yucca schidigera em diferentes concentrações e fontes comerciais (EYA vs EYB) nas características fecais de cães. Utilizaram-se 15 cães adultos da raça Beagle, distribuídos em delineamento em blocos ao acaso, totalizando 6 repetições por tratamento. Foram analisadas nas fezes a matéria seca fecal (MSf), produção fecal, amônia, escore, pH e odor fecal. Houve diferença nos valores de MSf, produção fecal e para odor fecal em ambos os testes realizados (P<0,05). A concentração de 0,07% de EYA resultou em maior MSf e menor odor fecal em relação ao EYB.

A kind of the consumption forms of drinks presentation that has grown and appreciated for the most people is the nectar. The papaya nectar had recognized as a differentiated form of this fruit, where the industry also gains in time of conservation, since the papaya is an extremely perishable fruit. The aim of this study was to evaluate gamma radiation as a way of conserving papaya nectar. Papaya nectar was developed and subjected to gamma radiation at the dose of 1kGy in a dose tax of 0.356 kGy.hour-1 and compared this treatment with the control (0kGy). According to the results obtained, can be concluded that the dose used was adequate for the conservation of this product for the period evaluated reaching the aim.

-The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of the dietary cation-anion balance (DCAB) on the calcium metabolism in male Nellore steers with a mean age of 10 months. Three experimental diets were tested: a cationic diet, a diet consisting of Tifton hay only, and an anionic diet with +15.2, +23.9 and −10.0 mEq/100 g DM of DCAB values in the diet. The anionic diet was calculated as the addition of salts of ammonium chloride and magnesium sulfate. Based on the isotope dilution technique, the negative DCAB value used in this study (−10.0 mEq/100 g DM) does not affect calcium metabolism, especially endogenous losses and true absorption.

Among various apple products, apple porridge is a much consumed product, not only for babies, but also for adults. It is a practical, healthy and tasty product that can be consumed throughout the day. However, it is an extremely perishable product. Therefore, the aim of this work was to evaluate the shelf-life period of apple porridge after the application of gamma radiation as a conservation technology. After the formulation of apple porridge was developed, which was subjected to gamma radiation at the dose of 1kGy in a dose tax of 0.356kGy.hour-1 and compared this treatment with the control (0kGy). From the results presented, it can be concluded that the period of conservation of apple porridge submitted to gamma radiation is 30 days. From the 60th day, the samples showed microbial growth, not being accepted for consumption. In comparison to the control, the use of gamma radiation was promising, since the standard sample showed contamination before 30 days. By the results it can be concluded that the dose used was adequate for the conservation of this product for the period evaluated.

Objetivou-se relacionar o tamanho de extrusado e a aplicação de gordura no condicionador ou recobrimento com a conservação de alimentos extrusados para cães, armazenados em câmara climática. Avaliaram-se dietas de mesma formulação, sendo: extrusado pequeno (PQ) com aplicação da metade da gordura no condicionador (CO) (PQCO); PQ com aplicação total da gordura no recobrimento (RE) (PQRE); extrusado grande (GR) com CO (GRCO) e GRRE. As dietas foram armazenadas em câmara climática com temperatura e umidade relativa do ar (URA) controladas por 20 semanas. Foram efetuadas análises de atividade de água (Aa), índice de peróxido (IP), umidade (UM), acidez, micotoxinas e colonização fúngica.  Os dados foram submetidos a análise de regressão. As Aa e UM comparadas entre GRRE vs GRCO e PQRE vs PQCO apresentaram comportamento quadrático (P<0,001). A acidez apresentou aumento linear (P<0,001) para todos os tratamentos. Observou-se crescimento fúngico em todas as dietas. Alimentos para cães armazenados em condições controladas podem aumentar sua Aa, umidade e acidez, afetando a conservação dos alimentos completos destinados a cães.