In patients with epilepsy, not only seizures but also cognitive, emotional, and social functioning are of increasing interest in research (Kelley, Jacobs, & Lowenstein, 2009). As a decrease in cognitive functions over the course of the illness is usually reported, we wanted to explore changes in Intelligence Scores observed after a neurofeedback treatment in patients with drug-resistant epilepsies. In a controlled study that compared the outcome of three different interventions (training to regulate slow cortical potentials, N ¼ 34; training to regulate breath rate and the amount of carbon dioxide in the end tidal volume of the exhaled air, N ¼ 11; modification of drug regime, N ¼ 25), pre-and postmeasurements of a short version of the Wechsler Intelligence Scale were applied. The interval between the two assessments was more than 12 months, with a mean of 61 weeks. Mean age of the patients was 35, with a range from 17 to 57. The highly significant 7-point increment of IQ only after training of slow cortical potentials was not related to clinical (e.g., seizure reduction) or neuropsychological (e.g., attention and memory) variables. Instead, it was related to psychophysiological measures: IQ change was inversely related to the Latency of the P300 component of event-related brain potentials and directly related to the Latency of the P2 component and the increase of N2 Amplitude during training. We conclude that regulation training of slow cortical potentials improves IQ in patients with refractory partial epilepsy, which might be related to an improved ability for controlled allocation of cognitive resources.
The present contribution deals with a practical insight into the design, implementation, and evaluation of different participation formats (on-site, direct mail, online) to participate in a living lab. A total sample of 290 citizens was recruited to promote sustainable mobility (i.e. walking and cycling) and improve urban space quality. Results further address the influence of participation methodology on participants' evaluation, willingness to participate and reported satisfaction with the participation used as well as predictors for participation satisfaction. Although the sample was not representative, the results suggest that citizen participation contributed to a more sustainable mobility awareness and a higher acceptance of the urban transformation.
ZusammenfassungZiel des Verbundprojekts AKTIV-kommunal war die Entwicklung, pilothafte Umsetzung und Evaluierung einer integrierten Toolbox für die digitale Transformation kommunaler Energieversorger. In drei integriert bearbeiteten Teilprojekten standen die Digitalisierung von Arbeitsprozessen, digitale Arbeitsmodelle sowie Digital Leadership im Mittelpunkt der Projektaktivitäten. Dabei bildeten jeweils ein Forschungspartner und ein Anwendungsunternehmen ein Tandem, um zu wissenschaftlich fundierten und praxistauglichen Ergebnissen zu gelangen. Der Projektbeirat, dem namhafte Vertreter/-innen aus Unternehmen, von Verbänden, der Sozialpartner und weitere Wissenschaftler angehörten, gab zusätzliche Impulse für die Projektarbeit. Im vorliegenden Beitrag werden die zentralen Ergebnisse von AKTIV-kommunal vorgestellt. Darüber hinaus werden Hinweise zu den im Projektverlauf erstellten Transfermaterialien gegeben und erfolgt ein Ausblick auf zukünftige Forschungsaktivitäten.
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