Landscape design has attracted researchers' attention due to a significant attachment between landscape and society. It is therefore necessary that landscape is designed based on people's preferences. Thus, it is imperative that people's landscape preference and the relevant influential factors to be identified. This research aims to introduce a model to provide the best prediction for landscape preference based on demographic and personality characteristics among 384 teenagers in Isfahan, Iran. Accordingly, the research follows three objectives to predict teenagers' preference for mountain, forest, and agricultural landscapes. Cattell Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire was conducted to examine respondents' personality characteristics. Participants' landscape preferences were measured by using a visual preference survey. In this survey respondents rated pictures of three kinds of landscape including mountain, forest, and agricultural landscapes. The results revealed that in prediction of teenagers' landscape preference, the factors of creativity, field of study, and gender are influential. The findings raise implications for the concerned architects and environmental designers as well as planners and decision makers in both ecological and psychological settings.
Objective High-risk behaviors are seriously threatening health and wellbeing, and increasing the likelihood of physical, psychological, and social consequences. High-risk behaviors, such as tobacco use, drug abuse, alcohol use, or malicious behaviors can endanger the health and wellbeing of adolescents and hinder their success and future growth. Today, the prevalence of high-risk behaviors among adolescents has become one of the most important concerns in society and despite the provisions made in recent years, its rate has increased. One of the vulnerable groups is orphaned/abandoned adolescents who face various social and psychological problems during their stay in welfare bearding centers that requires special skills to deal with. This study aimed to investigate the effect of social competence training on the tendency towards high-risk behaviors in male adolescents living in welfare boarding centers. Materials & Methods This is a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test-post-test design. The study population included all male adolescents aged 12-18 years living in welfare boarding centers located in Sabzevar and Mashhad cities in Iran. For sampling, 15 adolescents were selected from a boarding center in Sabzevar City by census method and assigned to the experimental group, and 15 from a boarding center in Mashhad City selected randomly and assigned as controls. The experimental group received social competence training program in twelve 60-min sessions, while the control group received only two 8-hour first aid training. Iranian Adolescents Risk-Taking Scale (IARS) and a demographic form were used to collect data before and after the intervention. The collected data were analyzed by Multivariate Covariance Analysis (MANOVA) in SPSS V. 22. Results The mean IARS scores in the experimental group decreased from 93.9 to 86.81 after the intervention, and the t test results indicated a significant difference between the mean scores before and after the intervention (t=2.97, P=0.010). The MANCOVA results revealed a significant difference between the mean overall score of IARS (F=24.08, P<0.001), and between the mean scores of IARS dimensions (tendency towards dangerous driving, violence, smoking, drug abuse, alcohol use, sexual activity and behavior, and relationship with the opposite gender) in the experimental and control groups after the intervention (P<0.001). Based on Eta squared values, 47.1% of changes in the tendency towards high-risk behaviors in subjects can be explained by the social competence training program. Therefore, social competence training had a positive effect on reducing the tendency towards risky behaviors among male adolescents living in welfare boarding centers. Conclusion The social competence training program could improve the skills and adaptive capacity of orphaned/abandoned adolescents in different situations to deal with their problems. Therefore, it is recommended that social competence training programs be provided for male adolescents living in boarding schools to effectively increas...
Indoor environmental quality (IEQ) has been found to influence children’s health and behaviour, particularly conditions, such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). This research aimed to ascertain whether housing IEQ impacted the symptoms of ADHD and its related behaviours. This study involved 435 parents of children and adolescents (aged 5–17) with ADHD residing in Australia. We utilised an online survey tool comprising the home version of the ADHD Rating Scale for Children and Adolescents and the Housing Environmental Quality Assessment Tool. The findings revealed that all the housing IEQ factors were associated with both the diagnosis and the severity of the symptoms. The results indicated that, for over one in ten children with ADHD (13.3%), the diagnosis was impacted by a collective contribution of air quality, acoustic quality, lighting quality, and the thermal comfort within their home. The air quality and the thermal comfort predicted a 4% variance in the severity of inattention. Additionally, air and lighting qualities predicted a 9.7% variance in the severity of hyperactivity-impulsivity, and all the factors of air quality, acoustic quality, lighting quality, and thermal comfort predicted a 10.9% variance in the severity of combined ADHD. In conclusion, this research provided insights into the importance of housing features and suggests that improving the housing indoor environmental quality, mainly thermal comfort, air, and lighting quality, could positively correlate with alleviating ADHD symptoms and severity among children and adolescents. Therefore, ensuring an appropriate indoor environmental quality should be prioritised in housing design, modification, and building, especially for those with ADHD.
As landscape plays a crucial role in people's lives, it is of great importance that landscape is designed based on people's interest. Therefore, identification of the landscapes that people prefer and the factors thatAbstrak: Lanskap memainkan peran penting dalam kehidupan manusia, sehingga sangat penting untuk merancang lansekap berdasarkan minat orang. Oleh karenanya, proses identifikasi lanskap yang disukai orang dan faktor yang mempengaruhi persepsi mereka terhadap lanskap menjadi sangat penting. Penelitian ini mencoba untuk menyelidiki kontribusi karakteristik kepribadian siswa terhadap persepsi lansekap di Isfahan, Iran. Dalam aspek ini, karakteristik siswa yang meliputi ekstroversi / introversi, kecerdasan dan kreativitas diukur dengan menggunakan kuesioner Cattell's 16PF. Selain itu, responden diminta untuk mengungkapkan kepuasan dan kesenangan mereka terhadap enam tipe lanskap umum di Iran, dengan memberi peringkat terhadap 30 gambar pemandangan pegunungan, perkotaan, hutan, padang pasir, air dan lahan pertanian. Hasil uji korelasi koefisien Pearson menunjukkan bahwa siswa ekstrovert memiliki perasaan lebih besar terhadap lanskap pegunungan dan perkotaan daripada introvert. Selain itu, siswa yang kurang kreatif lebih memilih pemandangan pegunungan, perkotaan, dan lahan pertanian. Selain itu, persepsi terhadap lanskap lahan pertanian berkorelasi negatif dengan kecerdasan di kalangan siswa.Kata Kunci: Kuesioner 16PF Cattell, Survei persepsi visual, Ekstroversi / introversi, kecerdasan, kreativitas, Iran
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