PURPOSE: To verify if rat kidneys lesioned by ischaemia followed by reperfusion are affected by cyclosporine A (CsA). METHODS: Male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, control (GS) and experimental (G1 and G2). G1 was subdivided in two: G1A composed of animals submitted to 60 minutes ischaemia and G1C with the same ischaemic procedure associated to 20 mg/kg/day CsA. Group G2 was subdivided and treated in the same way as G1 except that ischaemia was applied only for 40 minutes. Clamping the left renal artery followed by right side nephrectomy induced kidney ischaemia. Serum urea and creatinine were quantified on the day of surgery (D0) and in the following day (D1). Twenty four hours after reperfusion the left kidney was removed and histologically analyzed. RESULTS: Group GS had normal values for urea and creatinine both on D0 and D1 and did not show structural alterations. Renal function was not significantly different when G2C was compared to GS (p>0.05). Tissue lesions were smaller in G2C than in the other groups. CONCLUSIONS: Renal function was protected by CsA, which also reduced tissue lesions in the kidneys of rats submitted to 40 minutes ischaemia.
Acute tubular necrosis (ATN) is a major complication of kidney transplantation, so as of urologic and vascular surgeries. In transplantation, although organ perfusion with proper solution are feasible and at least partially effective, new approaches remains needed to avoid lost of graft function due to ischemic insults, and by this way, chlorpromazine may play this hole. Sixteen male rats were evaluated by scintigraphy (dynamic renal scan with Tc-99m-MAG 3 ), before and after surgically promote ischemia of left kidney. Animals were divided in 3 groups: Group A (control) without ischemic insult; Group B (ischemia without chlorpromazine) and Group C (ischemia with chlorpromazine). Group B demonstrated marked decreased of left renal function, compared with itself (right kidney; p<0,001) and compared with groups A and C (both p<0,001). No statistically observations was noted in group A, that makes sure of non-error source of surgical procedure lonely (p<0,05). Nevertheless mild decrease of left renal function was observed in some animals of group C, these appointments were not statistically significant (p<0,05). Further studies may prove, in the future, its usefulness in humans, specially concerning kidney transplantation. Available from URL: http:// www.scielo.br/acb
Purpose: To evaluate the expression of endothelial and inducible NOS in addition to the miRNA27b in the corpus cavernosum and peripheral blood of healthy rats, diabetic rats, alcoholic rats and rats with both pathologies. Methods: Forty eight Wistar rats were divided into four groups: control (C), alcoholic (A), diabetic (D) and alcoholic-diabetic (AD). Samples of the corpus cavernosum were prepared to study protein expressions of eNOS and iNOS by immunohistochemistry and expression of miRNA-27b in the corpus cavernosum and peripheral blood. Results: Immunohistochemistry for eNOS and iNOS showed an increase in cavernosal smooth muscle cells in the alcoholic, diabetic and alcoholic-diabetic groups when compared with the control group. Similarly, the mRNA levels for eNOS were increased in cavernosal smooth muscle (CSM) in the alcoholic, diabetic and alcoholic-diabetic groups and miRNA-27b were decreased in CSM in the alcoholic, diabetic and alcoholic-diabetic groups. Conclusion:The major new finding of our study was an impairment of relaxation of cavernosal smooth muscle in alcoholic, diabetic, and alcoholic-diabetic rats that involved a decrease in the nitric oxide pathway by endothelium-dependent mechanisms accompanied by a change in the corpus cavernosum contractile sensitivity.
Introduction: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is diagnosed in paediatric patients at 5 months after symptom onset on average, and 38% die during the first 2.5 years of follow-up. This study aimed to compare the accuracy of Weiss, Van Slooten, and Wieneke histopathological ACC classifications for predicting follow-up prognosis in a paediatric population. Methods: Data were retrieved from medical records of 57 patients aged <18 years who underwent surgical treatment for ACC with surgical follow-up over 6 months or death due to ACC. They were classified into either good (without recurrence/death due to ACC) or poor (with recurrence/death due to ACC) prognosis group. Two expert pathologists classified the ACC surgical specimens according to the Weiss, Van Slooten, and Wieneke criteria. Results: The median follow-up duration was 126 [18-225] months in 38 males (66.7%) and 19 females (33.3%) (median age: 3 [1-6.5] years). The good prognosis group was younger than the poor prognosis group (median age: 3 [1.5-6.2] years vs. 5 [2-10] years). Seventeen (29.8%) patients in the poor prognosis group died due to ACC within the first 50 months of surgical follow-up; the earliest death occurred in the fourth follow-up month, and the majority of deaths occurred within 24 months of follow-up. The accuracies of Weiss, Van Slooten, and Wieneke classification systems were 40%, 47%, and 77%, respectively. Discussion/Conclusion: The Wieneke classification showed the best accuracy but was not sufficiently precise to establish reliable prognosis for ACC in the paediatric population. The Wieneke classification had approximately 95% sensitivity and negative predictive value.
OBJETIVO: A litíase urinária é uma complicação incomum no alotransplante renal, a incidência varia de 0,02 a 3,4%. A maioria dos cálculos forma-se após o transplante, porém alguns podem ser transferidos junto com o enxerto para o hospedeiro. O tratamento desta complicação está baseado em alguns casos descritos na literatura. O objetivo deste trabalho é o de relatar a incidência da litíase renal no paciente com transplante renal, assim como a conduta adotada no HCFMRPUSP. MÉTODOS: Foram analisados 953 pacientes submetidos a transplante renal no HCFMRPUSP, de fevereiro 1968 a maio de 2003. A idade média foi de 47,2 anos (35 a 63 anos). Em 09 pacientes, o rim foi proveniente de doador cadáver e apenas 01 doador vivo. RESULTADOS:Foram diagnosticados 10 casos de litíase (1,05%). Em 02 pacientes (20%) o cálculo foi diagnosticado no intraoperatório, em 01 (10%) no peri-operatório (5º. dia), os 07 restantes (70%) no pós-operatório tardio. Em 04 pacientes (57%) não havia sintomatologia específica, 02 (29%) apresentaram ITU, em 03 (43%) ocorreu elevação da creatinina sérica. De 8 pacientes com litíase no pós-operatorio, em 06 os cálculos estavam localizados no rim e 02 no ureter. Dos pacientes com cálculos renais, 02 foram observados, 02 submetidos a LECO, 01 a nefrolitripsia percutânea, 01 à pielolitotomia. Em 01 paciente com cálculo ureteral foi realizada pielovesicostomia (cálculo + estenose), no outro paciente foi feita a ureterorrenoscopia retrógrada. CONCLUSÃO: A urolitíase é complicação rara no transplante renal, a conduta terapêutica no pós-operatório tardio é semelhante à da população geral.
PURPOSE:Bladder augmentation is an effective surgical procedure for increasing bladder capacity and reducing pressure on the urinary system. It is indicated for patients with anomalies such as spina bifida, myelomeningocele, urethral valve and bladder exstrophy, who progress with low tolerance of medication. CASES:This was a retrospective study conducted on pediatric patients submitted to bladder augmentation from 2000 to 2011.RESULTS: 34 patients aged 4 to 17 years were submitted to bladder augmentation, 30 of them with an ileal loop and 4 with a ureter.A continent urinary shunt was performed in 16 patients, the Mitrofanoff conduit was associated in 15, and the Macedo technique was used in one. Mean follow-up was 34.35 months (1 to 122 months). Mean creatinine was 1.5 ng/ml (0.4 to 7.5 ng/ml) preoperatively and 1.78 ng/ml postoperatively. Three patients required a renal transplant during follow-up. There was improvement or resolution of vesicoureteral reflux in 83.5% of the kidneys on the right and in 75% on the left. Bladder capacity increased, on average, from 152.5 ml to 410 ml. The main complications were vesical lithiasis in 3 patients and conduit perforation in one. CONCLUSION:Bladder augmentation showed good results in this series, preserving renal function in most of the patients.
Introduction Since penile erection is dependent on competent vascularization, substances that are known to damage vessels and their functions can affect it. An example is excessive alcohol consumption. Chronic and excessive alcohol consumption has a cytotoxic effect that harms health in general, but especially in events that are dependent on the integrity of vascularization such as penile erection. Previous studies from our group described some consequences of using ethanol on penile erection. Nevertheless, the molecular mechanisms surrounding microRNAs, apoptosis process and their relationship with erectile dysfunction associated with alcohol consumption are still poorly understood. Objectives To evaluate the mechanism of apoptosis by the expression of AIF and PARP, as well as their regulatory microRNAs: miR‐145, miR‐210 and miR‐486, in the corpus cavernosum of rats submitted to a semivoluntary alcoholism model. Material and methods 24 Wistar rats were divided into two groups: control (C) and treated with 20% ethanol (A) for seven weeks. The corpus cavernosum samples were prepared for immunohistochemical analysis of AIF and PARP protein expression, and gene expression for miR‐145, miR‐210, miR‐486 microRNAs in cavernous tissue was quantified by real time PCR. Results The immunohistochemical analysis showed little nuclear positive labeling for the protein PARP and AIF in the corpus cavernosum of both control and ethanol treated animals. The analysis of miR‐145, ‐210 and ‐486 microRNA expression in the 12 animals studied showed no significant difference between the control and alcoholized groups. Conclusions The expression of AIF and PARP and their regulatory microRNAs involved in apoptotic process (miR‐145, miR‐210 and miR‐486) were not altered in the corpus cavernosum of rats submitted to the semivoluntary alcoholism. Support or Funding Information FAPESP, CNPq, CAPES and FAEPA
scite is a Brooklyn-based organization that helps researchers better discover and understand research articles through Smart Citations–citations that display the context of the citation and describe whether the article provides supporting or contrasting evidence. scite is used by students and researchers from around the world and is funded in part by the National Science Foundation and the National Institute on Drug Abuse of the National Institutes of Health.
hi@scite.ai
334 Leonard St
Brooklyn, NY 11211
Copyright © 2024 scite LLC. All rights reserved.
Made with 💙 for researchers
Part of the Research Solutions Family.