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The low serum concentrations of Hp and ASG should be taken into consideration when interpreting APP results in Greyhounds. Because both Hp and some ASG migrate in the alpha-globulin fraction, these results may explain the low alpha-globulin concentrations in Greyhounds.

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Sepsis is a complex clinical syndrome triggered by an inflammatory host response to an infection. It is usually complicated to detect and diagnose, and has severe consequences in human and veterinary health, especially when treatment is not started early. Therefore, efforts to detect sepsis accurately are needed. In addition, its proper diagnosis could reduce the misuse of antibiotics, which is essential fighting against antimicrobial resistance. This case is a particular issue in farm animals, as antibiotics have been traditionally given massively, but now they are becoming increasingly restricted. When sepsis is suspected in animals, the most frequently used biomarkers are acute phase proteins such as C-reactive protein, serum amyloid A and haptoglobin, but their concentrations can increase in other inflammatory conditions. In human patients, the most promising biomarkers to detect sepsis are currently procalcitonin and presepsin, and there is a wide range of other biomarkers under study. However, there is little information on the application of these biomarkers in veterinary species. This review aims to describe the general concepts of sepsis and the current knowledge about the biomarkers of sepsis in pigs, horses, and cattle and to discuss possible advances in the field.

The objective of this review is to provide updated information about how acute phase proteins (APPs) can be used in the process of diagnosis in veterinary medicine. For this purpose, recommendations about assay methodologies and basic principles regarding clinical application of APPs will be provided. In addition, the use of APPs for (1) the detection and quantification of inflammatory response, (2) the diagnosis of the underlying etiology and (3) the detection of selected non-inflammatory processes will be reviewed with practical examples.Keywords: acute phase proteins, cat, diagnosis, dog ΠΕΡΙΛΗΨΗ Στην ανασκόπηση αυτή αναφέρονται τα νεότερα δεδομένα σχετικά με τη σημασία των πρωτεϊνών οξείας φάσης (ΠΟΦ) στη διαγνωστική διερεύνηση των νοσημάτων του σκύλου και της γάτας. Για το σκοπό αυτό γίνεται λεπτομερής αναφορά στη δια-γνωστική αξία και την προτεινόμενη μεθοδολογία για τη μέτρηση των ΠΟΦ. Παράλληλα περιγράφεται με τη βοήθεια παραδειγ-μάτων από την κλινική πράξη η σημασία της μέτρησης των ΠΟΦ για τη διάγνωση και τη διαφορική διάγνωση των νοσημάτων του σκύλου και της γάτας.Λέξεις ευρετηρίασης: γάτα, εργαστηριακή διάγνωση, πρωτεΐνες οξείας φάσης, σκύλος

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