Introduction: The nutritional status of pregnant women has a significant impact on the fetus's health and development. Low birth weight can be caused by womb growth problems. Research in Nepal shows that babies with low birth weight have a higher risk of becoming stunted. West Sulawesi is the most populous province in Central Indonesia, with a population of 39.7%. In Mamuju District, West Sulawesi, the relationship between stunted babies and maternal nutritional status during pregnancy was investigated. Methods: Cross sectional analytic survey with a retrospective approach. Data processing using the chi square test. The population in this study was 20.039 people. Total sampling was used to collect nutritional status data of children under the age of five in West Sulawesi province from February to June 2020. In this study, 88 people were sampled, all of whom were mothers of stunted children aged 2 to 5 Years old and who had a KIA book during pregnancy. Results: The results of statistical tests showed that the p value of nutritional status with BMI and LILA 0.000 and the p value of HB levels 0.066. There was a link between pregnant women's nutritional status and LILA, but not between HB levels and stunting. Conclusion: The conclusion of this study is that there is a relationship between the nutritional status of pregnant women based on BMI and LILA and the incidence of stunting in Mamuju Regency, West Sulawesi Province.
We have read the paper by Chang et al on the Risk of Obesity Among Children Aged 2-6 Years Who Had Prolonged Screen time in Taiwan: A Nationwide Cross-Sectional Study. 1 We congratulate the authors for their invaluable findings in the world of health education. Therefore we would like to share our views about this research which can build on and further develop this research if it will be continued in the future by other researchers who are also interested in doing the same research.The study conducted by Chang et al aims to review and assess the risk of obesity in preschool children with prolonged screen time in Taiwan. Chang et al in their research found that prolonged screen time was not significantly associated with the risk of obesity, and this relationship was mediated by socio-demographic and lifestyle factors. But besides screen time and obesity, there are also some things that we need to pay attention to in assessing the correlation of these obesity risk factors, namely how much was the birth weight of children? How was the child's diet? 2 And what is the daily intake for children? 3 Therefore, we suggest to Chang et al to add this objective to their future research so that they can test more effectively and efficiently on the same sample of preschool-aged children. 1 This study used a nationwide cross-sectional method with random sampling. The method used by Chang et al is suitable but we would like to give a suggestion to try to continue with the cohort method. This survey method can see as a whole how the correlation is between risk factors in children who have been exposed to prolonged screen time and those who are not exposed to screen time with risk factors for obesity. This has also been done by Reyna-Vargas et al in reviewing the burden of the problem, describing related factors and their correlations, assessing the impact of screen time on the health of all preschool-aged children, and interventions to reduce screen time. 3 In conclusion, we agree with Chang et al that their study can be used as a reference to observe the high prevalence of obesity and prolonged screen time among preschool children. Preschoolers with prolonged screen time may be at increased risk of obesity. 1 According to the American Academy of Pediatrics that children who had prolonged screen time tend to experience a decrease in satiety so they continue to feel hungry and will increase their consumption of snacks and soft drinks or we can call it snacking. 4 This observation is to support the health of preschool-age children, and future high-quality studies, such as conducting randomized controlled trials, are needed to demonstrate causality. However, direct observations are still needed to determine the correlation between screen time and obesity in preschool children. 3 DisclosureThe authors report no conflicts of interest in this communication.
Joint United Nations Programme in HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS) reported that 1.8 million children under 15 years old had HIV with 150,000 new pediatric cases in 2015, and only 49% had an antiretroviral (ARV) therapy. Mortality in HIV-infected children with severe acute malnutrition was 30.4% in Africa. A 1-year and 8-months-old girl was hospitalized due to diarrhea, vomiting, oral thrush, and recurrent fever before admission. She has been hospitalized for HIV infection one month ago and treated with ARV. Her mother was treated with ARV before. Physical examination showed a severely ill, poorly nourished, stunting, and conscious child with normal vital signs. There was oral thrush. The evidence of nutritional marasmus was old man face, piano sign, wasting, and baggy pants. Laboratory findings revealed anemia, positive antigen and antibody of HIV infection, and low Cluster of Differentiation 4 (CD4). She was treated with ARV, Cotrimoxazole, and management of malnutrition and diarrhea. The prognosis of the patient was poor. A 1-year and 8-months-old girl with HIV infection complicated with severe acute malnutrition, acute diarrhea, oral thrush, and anemia of chronic disease were reported. The diagnosis was based on clinical and laboratory findings. Management focused on the therapy of HIV and accompanying illness. The prognosis was poor.
Diare merupakan gangguan Buang Air Besar (BAB) ditandai dengan BAB lebih dari 3 kali sehari dengan konsistensi tinja cair dapat disertai dengan darah. World Health Organization (WHO) tahun 2017 menyatakan penyakit diare adalah penyebab utama kematian anak dan morbiditas di dunia. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk menganalisis faktor-faktor yang berhubungan dengan kejadian diare pada anak balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Panambungan Kota Makassar tahun 2021. Metode : Jenis penelitian ini adalah suatu penelitian observasional analitik dengan jenis penelitian cross sectional, dengan besar sampel sebanyak 91 ibu balita didapatkan dengan teknik Purposive Sampling. Analisis data menggunakan uji statistik Chi-Square. Hasil : Hasil analisis chi-square yaitu hubungan antara keadian diare balita dengan pengetahuan ibu nilai p= 0,000, hubungan antara keadian diare balita dengan status gizi nilai p=0,174, hubungan antara keadian diare balita dengan perilaku mencuci tangan nilai p=0,000, hubungan antara keadian diare balita dengan sumber air bersih nilai p=0,269. Kesimpulan : Terdapat hubungan antara tingkat pengetahuan ibu dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Panambungan Makassar tahun 2021 dan terdapat hubungan antara perilaku mencuci tangan dengan kejadian diare pada balita di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Panambungan Makassar tahun 2021.
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